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MDRMA: Multi-data rate mobility-aware AODV-based protocol for flying ad-hoc networks

机译：MDRMA：用于飞行自组织网络的基于多数据速率移动性感知的AODV协议

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The most recent decade has seen a developing enthusiasm for the utilization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for different services and applications. UAVs, or as known as drones, have appeared to be productive in finishing complex errands when sorted out as ad hoc connected groups, thereby bringing into existence a Flying Ad hoc Network (FANET). Owing to its specific characteristics such as high mobility, rapid topology changes, and frequent link failures, FANETs bring further challenges into these networks. Therefore, developing an efficient routing protocol over FANETs is a very challenging matter and consequently triggered the attention of a lot of current researchers. In this article, we propose a Multi Data Rate Mobility Aware (MDRMA) protocol in which novel routing and power controlled mechanisms have been suggested. Basically, MDRMA protocol is considered as a major extension of Mobility Aware Dual Phase Ad-hoc on-demand Distance Vector with Adaptive Hello Messages (MA-DP-AODV-AHM) protocol. Particularly, in MDRMA-Routing algorithm, the establishment of routes is not arbitrarily but rather is conditioned upon the achievement of certain requirements which can be extracted from the positive answers of the questions follow. Is that intermediate UAV able of affording the possible transmission rate requested by the source UAV? Are the transmitting and receiving UAVs not thrifting away from each other? Does the speed of that intermediate UAV not exceed a certain threshold? Upon the efficient deal of prior concerns, MDRMA-Routing algorithm guarantees establishing stable routes with fast data forwarding wireless links. Not only to this extent, MDRMA-Power controlled algorithm also adds some modifications on 802.11b standard, explicitly on RTS/CTS collision avoidance technique, to maintain the minimum transmission power required by a transmitting UAV for a successful reception of packets at target UAV and at a desired data transmission rate bearing in mind the receiver sensitivity and signal-to-interference-noise ratio threshold, thereby enforcing fast data forwarding. The performance of our protocol has been evaluated in the perspectives of end-to-end delay, control overhead, and packet delivery ratio using NS3 simulator in which enormous simulations have been conducted under the base of UAVs' density, packet rate and constant bit rate connections. Simulation results summarize that MDRMA contributes efficiently in mitigating the network instability through generating fast and stable routes and reducing link failures. MDRMA has proved further its superiority over MA-DP-AODV-AHM protocol. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
机译：最近十年来，人们对将无人机用于不同服务和应用的热情不断提高。无人机作为特设连接组进行分类时，似乎可以有效地完成复杂的任务，从而形成了飞行特设网络（FANET）。由于其特殊的特性，例如高移动性，快速的拓扑变化和频繁的链路故障，FANET向这些网络带来了进一步的挑战。因此，在FANET上开发有效的路由协议是非常具有挑战性的事情，因此引起了许多当前研究人员的关注。在本文中，我们提出了一种多数据速率移动感知（MDRMA）协议，其中提出了新颖的路由和功率控制机制。基本上，将MDRMA协议视为具有自适应Hello消息（MA-DP-AODV-AHM）协议的移动感知双相自组织按需按需距离向量的主要扩展。特别是，在MDRMA-Routing算法中，路由的建立不是任意的，而是以某些要求的实现为条件的，这些要求可以从以下问题的肯定答案中提取。该中间无人机是否能够提供源无人机所要求的可能的传输速率？发射和接收无人机是否相互节俭？该中间无人机的速度是否不超过某个阈值？在有效解决先前的问题后，MDRMA路由算法可确保通过快速数据转发无线链路建立稳定的路由。不仅如此，MDRMA功率控制算法还对802.11b标准进行了一些修改，特别是在RTS / CTS冲突避免技术上，以保持发射UAV所需的最小发射功率，以在目标UAV上成功接收数据包。考虑到接收器的灵敏度和信噪比阈值，在达到所需数据传输速率时，可以强制进行快速数据转发。已使用NS3模拟器从端到端延迟，控制开销和数据包传输率的角度评估了我们协议的性能，其中在无人飞行器的密度，数据包速率和恒定比特率的基础上进行了大量模拟连接。仿真结果表明，MRDRA通过生成快速而稳定的路由并减少链路故障来有效地缓解网络不稳定。 MDRMA进一步证明了其优于MA-DP-AODV-AHM协议的优势。 （C）2019 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。

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