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CPESP: Cooperative Pseudonym Exchange and Scheme Permutation to preserve location privacy in VANETs

机译：CPESP：协作化名交换和方案置换，以保留VANET中的位置隐私

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摘要

In VANETs, vehicles exchange information to/from the surrounding entities (vehicles, infrastructure, network, device, pedestrian) in wireless mode for various safety and non-safety applications. This Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) wireless communication poses privacy risks because it can be exploited to collect the vehicle's trajectories. Preserving the location privacy is an essential aspect in a vehicular network. Various pseudonym changes-based privacy-preserving schemes have been proposed to protect location privacy in VANETs. However, when evaluated using essential privacy metrics in the simulation, the performance of these schemes found low. In this paper, we propose an enhanced scheme called Cooperative Pseudonym Exchange and Scheme Permutation (CPESP) to preserve the users' privacy in a VANETs. In our schemes, we allow vehicles to exchange their pseudonyms cooperatively and propose a novel mechanism where like pseudonym the schemes can also be changed (permute) by vehicles to create confusion for the adversary that can further improve the privacy. Since we are exchanging the pseudonyms between vehicles, it also eliminates location tracking by service providers. We evaluate the strength of our proposed scheme and compare it with existing mechanisms on a PREXT simulation platform. We use several popular privacy metrics such as anonymity set size, entropy, traceability, normalized traceability, and average confusion for comparison. Simulation results reveal that our scheme has the great potential to preserve the location privacy in VANETs and can also be enhanced to deliver much better than the existing schemes. (c) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
机译：在VANET中，车辆以无线模式与周围的实体（车辆，基础设施，网络，设备，行人）交换信息，以用于各种安全和非安全应用。车辆到一切（V2X）无线通信带来了隐私风险，因为可以利用它来收集车辆的轨迹。维护位置隐私是车载网络的重要方面。已经提出了各种基于化名更改的隐私保护方案，以保护VANET中的位置隐私。但是，在仿真中使用基本隐私度量进行评估时，发现这些方案的性能很低。在本文中，我们提出了一种增强的方案，称为“协作别名交换和方案置换”（CPESP），以保护VANET中的用户隐私。在我们的方案中，我们允许车辆合作地交换其假名，并提出了一种新颖的机制，其中，与假名一样，方案也可以由车辆更改（置换），以使对手产生混乱，从而进一步提高隐私性。由于我们在车辆之间交换假名，因此也消除了服务提供商的位置跟踪。我们评估了我们提出的方案的强度，并将其与PREXT仿真平台上的现有机制进行了比较。我们使用几种流行的隐私度量（例如匿名集大小，熵，可追溯性，标准化可追溯性和平均混淆）进行比较。仿真结果表明，我们的方案在保留VANET中的位置隐私方面具有巨大潜力，并且与现有方案相比，可以进行增强以提供更好的性能。 （c）2019 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。

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