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A mobile internal vertical handover mechanism for distributed mobility management in VANETs

机译：VANET中分布式移动管理的移动内部垂直切换机制

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摘要

With the rapid development of internet, new technologies and new domains of activities are increasingly created with an exponential pace. Therefore, network operators and service providers experience an astonishing demand in terms of network services' performance. Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs), which have evolved to Internet of Vehicles (IoV), are one of these new technologies with high demand in connectivity. This is due to their two critical characteristics (their high mobility and their frequent dynamic topology changes), since they generate scattered networks. Therefore, a high network's performance has become a critical issue for connected and autonomous vehicles deployment. This is due to the fact that VANETs need a high coverage density in order to work efficiently. In order to address this issue, the Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks (HVN) paradigm has appeared. It consists in a hybridization of the vehicular network (IEEE 802.11p) and the cellular networks (3G/LTE/4G). This makes the vertical handover to be one of the key technologies for the IoV deployment. In this paper, we propose a vertical handover mechanism, denoted Proxy MIPv6-based Mobile Internal Vertical Handover (PMIP-MIVH), which uses a logical interface and a Distributed PMIPv6 scheme in order to improve the handover performance and consequently the overall network's performance. Numerical model analysis show that our proposed solution (PMIP-MIVH) performs well in terms of handover connection durations, handover latency and session continuity. Finally, we have evaluated our solution using the well known network simulator NS3. We conducted performance comparison with existing PMIP-based solutions in terms of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), End-to-end delay, jitter and throughput metrics. Simulation results also show that our solution outperforms the considered existing solutions and therefore validate the analytical results. (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
机译：随着互联网的快速发展，新技术和活动的新域名越来越多地以指数速度创造。因此，网络运营商和服务提供商在网络服务性能方面体验了一个惊人的需求。车辆ad hoc网络（Vanets）已经发展到车辆（IOV），是这些新技术之一，具有很高的连接需求。这是由于它们的两个关键特征（它们的高移动性和频繁的动态拓扑变化），因为它们产生了散射的网络。因此，高网络的性能已成为连接和自主车部署的关键问题。这是由于Vanets需要高覆盖密度，以便有效地工作。为了解决这个问题，出现了异构车辆网络（HVN）范式。它包括车辆网络（IEEE 802.11p）和蜂窝网络（3g / LTE / 4G）的杂交。这使得垂直切换成为IOV部署的关键技术之一。在本文中，我们提出了一种垂直的切换机制，表示基于代理的MIPv6的移动内部垂直切换（PMIP-MIVH），其使用逻辑接口和分布式PMIPv6方案来提高切换性能并因此实现整体网络的性能。数值模型分析表明，我们所提出的解决方案（PMIP-MiVH）在切换连接持续时间，切换延迟和会话连续性方面表现良好。最后，我们使用众所周知的网络模拟器NS3评估了我们的解决方案。在数据包传递比（PDR），端到端延迟，抖动和吞吐量指标方面，我们对现有PMIP解决方案进行了性能比较。仿真结果还表明，我们的解决方案优于考虑的现有解决方案，因此验证了分析结果。 （c）2020 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。

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