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首页> 外文期刊>The biochemical journal >The oxidation and utilization of palmitate, stearate, oleate and acetate by the mammary gland of the fed goat in relation to their overall metabolism, and the role of plasma phospholipids and neutral lipids in milk-fat synthesis
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The oxidation and utilization of palmitate, stearate, oleate and acetate by the mammary gland of the fed goat in relation to their overall metabolism, and the role of plasma phospholipids and neutral lipids in milk-fat synthesis

机译：哺乳动物腺体对喂养山羊的乳腺，硬脂酸酯，油酸和醋酸酸化的氧化和利用与整体代谢相关，以及血浆磷脂和中性脂质在乳脂合成中的作用

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p1. Measurements were made of milk yield, mammary blood flow and arteriovenous differences of each plasma lipid fraction, and their specific radioactivities, during the infusion of [U-(14)C]stearate, [U-(14)C]oleate, [U-(14)C]palmitate and [1-(14)C]acetate into fed lactating goats. 2. Entry rates of fatty acids into the circulation were 4.2mg./min./kg. body wt. for acetate, and 0.18, 0.28 and 0.42mg./min./kg. for stearate, oleate and palmitate respectively. Acetate accounted for 23% of the total carbon dioxide produced by the whole animal, and contributed to the oxidative metabolism of the mammary gland to about the same extent. Corresponding values for each of the long-chain acids were less than 1%. 3. There were no significant arteriovenous differences of phospholipids, sterols or sterol esters, and their fatty acid composition showed no net changes during passage through the mammary gland. 4. There were large arteriovenous differences of plasma triglycerides, and their fatty acid composition showed marked changes across the gland. The proportions of palmitate and stearate fell, and that of oleate increased. 5. Arteriovenous differences of plasma free fatty acids (FFA) were small and variable, but a large fall in the specific radioactivity of each of the long-chain acids examined indicated substantial uptake of plasma FFA, accompanied by roughly equivalent FFA release from mammary tissue. The uptake of FFA was confirmed by the extensive transfer of radioactivity into milk. The FFA of milk were similar in composition and radioactivity to the milk triglyceride fatty acids, and quite unlike plasma FFA. 6. The formation of large amounts of oleic acid (18-21 mg./min.) from stearic acid was demonstrated. 7. During the terminal stages of the [(14)C]acetate infusion, milk triglyceride fatty acids of chain length C(4)-C(14) showed specific radioactivities that were 75-90% of that of blood acetate, and that of palmitate was roughly one-quarter of this value. Oleate and stearate were unlabelled. 8. The results confirmed that milk fatty acids of chain length C(4)-C(14) arise largely from blood acetate, and palmitate is derived partly from acetate and partly from plasma triglyceride, the latter fraction being almost the sole precursor of oleate and stearate./p
机译：> 1。在输注[U-（14）c]硬脂酸酯期间，测量每种血浆脂肪级分的乳屈服，乳腺血流和每个血浆脂肪级分的动静脉差异，以及它们的特定放射性，[U-（14）C] olate，[U. - （14）c]棕榈酸酯和[1-（14）c]醋酸甲酸盐。 2.脂肪酸进入循环的进入率为4.2mg./min./kg。身体wt。对于乙酸盐，0.18,0.28和0.42mg./min./kg。用于硬脂酸盐，油酸和棕榈酸盐。醋酸酯占整个动物产生的总二氧化碳的23％，并导致乳腺的氧化代谢大致相同程度。每个长链酸的相应值小于1％。 3.磷脂，甾醇或甾醇酯没有显着的动静脉差异，并且它们的脂肪酸组合物在通过乳腺期间没有净变化。 4.血浆甘油三酯的动脉差异大，脂肪酸组合物在腺体上显示出显着的变化。棕榈酸盐和硬脂酸盐的比例下降，油脂的比例增加。 5.血浆游离脂肪酸（FFA）的动静脉差异小而变量，但是在检查的每个长链酸的特定放射性中的大小落下表明血浆FFA的显着摄取，伴随着从乳腺组织的大致等同的FFA释放。通过广泛的放射性转移到牛奶中确认了FFA的摄取。牛奶的FFA在牛奶甘油三酯脂肪酸的组成和放射性中相似，并且与血浆FFA相比。 6.证明了来自硬脂酸的大量油酸（18-21mg./min）的形成。 7.在[（14）c]醋酸末期输注的末端阶段，链长C（4）-C（14）的乳甘油三酯脂肪酸显示出血液醋酸血液的75-90％的特异性放射性棕榈酸盐大约是该价值的四分之一。松油和硬脂酸酯未标记。 8.结果证实，链长C（4）-C（14）的乳脂酸主要来自血液乙酸盐，并且棕榈酸盐部分来自乙酸盐，部分来自血浆甘油三酯，后一种部分几乎是油酸的唯一前体和硬脂酸盐。

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