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首页> 外文期刊>日本作物學會紀事 >Analysis of Yield-Determining Process and Its Application to Yield-Prediction and Culture Improvement of Lowland Rice : CXIII. Effects of the nitrogen top-dressing at the full heading stage on kernel qualities
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Analysis of Yield-Determining Process and Its Application to Yield-Prediction and Culture Improvement of Lowland Rice : CXIII. Effects of the nitrogen top-dressing at the full heading stage on kernel qualities

机译：产量测定过程分析及其在低地稻中产量预测和培养改善的应用：CXIII。氮顶敷在全场阶段对核素质的影响

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As reported in the previous papers, 8, 16) the nitrogen top-dressing at the full heading stage increases the carbon assimilation rate after heading, the resistance to lodging as a result of starch accumulation in the culm base, and consequently the percentage of ripened grains as well as the yield, and furthermore, it also increases the nitrogen content in kernels. Therefore, the authors tried some experiments to clarify the effects of the nitrogen top- dressing at the full heading stage on the taste quality of kernels (evaluated by sensory test), on the inspection grade of brown rice, and on the content of 45Ca and 32P in rice plants. Results are summarized as follows: 1) As the nitrogen content in kernels increases, the taste quality of kernels evaluated by the sensory test tends to decrease. However, it is quite noticeable that the taste quality of samples of kernels differs with different varieties and different cultural methods even in cases in which the nitrogen contents in the samples are almost equal with one another. Accordingly, selecting the variety to be used and improving methods, such as top-dressing, one will be able to increase the nitrogen content in kernels without decreasing the taste quality of kernels. 2) From the results of a factorial experiment which consists of calcium and phosphorus applied at the transplanting time as a basal dressing, the nitrogen top-dressing at the full heading stage and the transplanting time, it is clearly recognized that the nitrogen top-dressing at the full heading stage increases both the percentage of ripened grains and the inspection grade of brown rice, and that the inspection grade goes up with an increase in the percentage of ripened grains. 3) The number of grains per square meter being equal with one another, the percentage of ripened grains increases with an increase in the number of grains on primary rachis branches against total number of grains on panicles. 4) From a tracer experiment, it is revealed that the amount of 32P and that of 45Ca which are accumulated in brown rice increases 80% and more than two times, respectively, by the nitrogen top-dressing at the full heading stage. 5) It seems that the nitrogen top-dressing at the full heading stage affects the nitrogen content in brown rice through the nitrogen content in rice plants, especially through leaf blades at the heading stage.
机译：如前所述，8,16）全场阶段的氮顶部敷料增加，由于杉木碱中的淀粉积累，因此在标题后的碳同化速率增加，因此成熟的百分比谷物以及产率以及产量，还增加了粒中的氮含量。因此，作者尝试了一些实验，以阐明氮气顶部敷料对全场阶段的影响对糙米的检验等级和45ca的含量和45ca的含量水稻植物32P。结果总结如下：1）由于核中的氮含量增加，感官测试评估的核的味道质量趋于降低。然而，即使在样品中的氮含量彼此几乎相等的情况下，核样品的味道质量与不同的品种和不同的培养方法也非常明显。因此，选择要使用的变化和改进的方法，例如顶敷料，人们将能够增加粒中的氮含量而不会降低粒的味道质量。 2）由阶乘实验的结果由钙和磷组成，该钙和磷在移植时间作为基础敷料，氮顶敷在完整的标题阶段和移植时间，清楚地认识到氮顶敷在完整的标题阶段增加了成熟的谷物的百分比和糙米的检查等级，并且检查等级随着成熟的谷物的百分比增加而增加。 3）每平方米的晶粒的数量彼此相等，成熟的晶粒的百分比随着原发性rachis分支的谷物数量的增加而增加，胰腺上的圆锥总数。 4）从示踪剂实验中，显示32P的量和45CA的量分别在完全标题阶段的氮顶部敷料分别增加了80％和超过两倍。 5）似乎氮气顶部敷料在全场阶段通过水稻植物中的氮含量影响糙米中的氮含量，尤其是通过标题阶段的叶片。

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