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首页> 外文期刊>日本作物學會紀事 >Causal Analysis of the Difference in Crude Protein Content of Barley Kernels between Two-rowed and Six-rowed Forms
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Causal Analysis of the Difference in Crude Protein Content of Barley Kernels between Two-rowed and Six-rowed Forms

机译：两划和六划成六划线麦基籽粒粗蛋白质含量差异的因果分析

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摘要

TAKAHASHI, HAYASHI and MORIYA (1975) have demonstrated in their studies with a large number of V-v isogenic line pairs that the two-rowed strains were about two percent higher in general in crude protein content of the grain than the corresponding six-rowed strains. This study was planned to approach the underlying cause of the difference in crude protein content (%) between two types of isolines. In the first experiment change of crude protein content with the progress of the kernel growth was investigated using a six-rowed late cultivar (Kikai Hadaka) and a two-rowed early cultivar (Seijo 17). Seed samples were taken from 17 days after anthesis to maturity at 6-day intervals. The result indicated that percentage of crude protein accumulated in the kernels was not so much different between varieties at any stage of kernel growth (Fig. 1). Next, crude protein content of the central and lateral kernels was compared in the second experiment with three six-rowed varieties, which showed no appriciable difference existing between central and lateral kernels (Table 2). Finally, effects of removing lateral kernels of six-rowed strain at different times of kernel growth on final protein content of central kernel was studied in the third experiment. Three pairs of V-v isogenic paired lines (KA-26, KT-16 and GT-17) which had been produced by TAKAHASHI et al. were used. The removal of lateral kernels was made firstly on one or two days before anthesis, and repeated five times at 5-day intervals after anthesis (from 5th to 25th days). In KA-26 and KT-16, one-half of the spikes within plant was used for treatment and remaining half for untreated control. In GT-17, treatment was made within population regardless of the plant. The removal of lateral kernels resulted generally in an increase in crude protein content of remaining central kernels, and the increasing effect of the removal was most evident when the treatment was made before anthesis (Figs. 2 and 3). However, the increase of crude protein content became smaller and smaller with the later date of the treatment, and the treated spikes reached the same crude protein percent as the intact plot on 25th day after anthesis. Removal of laterals affected a little on 1000 kernel weight. From this study, the cause of difference of protein content between two-rowed and six-rowed isolines may be explained as follows : Protein is mainly synthesized in leaves from nitrogen absorbed from the roots, and is distributed almost uniformely to central and lateral kernels in intact six-rowed spike. But when lateral kernels have been removed from the spike, the protein which ought to be allotted to the lateral kernels will be distributed to and accumulated excessively in the central kernels. Consequently, if so-called source size is not different between two-rowed and six-rowed types, crude protein percent of the kernels will be higher in two-rowed type with small size of so-called sink than those of six-rowed ones.
机译：Takahashi，Hayashi和Moriya（1975）在他们的研究中展示了大量V-V等源线对，其两排菌株在谷物的粗蛋白质含量比相应的六划束的粒子含量高约2％。本研究计划在两种分离碱之间接近粗蛋白质含量（％）差异的潜在原因。在第一次实验中，粗蛋白质含量随着核生长的进展，使用六划肾的晚期品种（Kikai Hadaka）和双划血早期品种（Seijo 17）进行了研究。种子样品从波动后17天取得成熟以6天的时间间隔。结果表明，在内核生长的任何阶段，核中累积的粗蛋白的粗蛋白百分比并不是如此不同（图1）。接下来，将中央和侧核的粗蛋白质含量与三个六个六划成的品种进行比较，这在中央和横向核之间没有存在可谓的差异（表2）。最后，在第三个实验中研究了在中央核的最终蛋白质核含量上除去六排菌株的六划菌株的侧向粒度的影响。 Takahashi等人制造的三对V-V型同种配对线（KA-26，KT-16和GT-17）。被使用了。首先在开花前前一到两天去除横向粒，并在开花前（从第5到第25天）以5天的时间间隔重复五次。在KA-26和KT-16中，植物内的一半尖刺用于治疗，剩下的一半用于未处理的对照。在GT-17中，无论植物如何，治疗都在群体内进行。除侧核的去除通常在剩余中央核的粗蛋白质含量的增加中产生，并且当在花序前进行处理时，去除的效果最明显（图2和3）。然而，粗蛋白质含量的增加随着治疗的后期较小且更小，并且经过处理过的尖刺率在波动后第25天在第25天达到相同的粗蛋白质百分比。去除侧面影响1000个核重量。从该研究来看，两划和六划分的分离物之间的蛋白质含量差异的原因可以如下所述：蛋白质主要在从根中吸收的氮气中的叶子中合成，并且几乎均匀地分布到中央和侧孔中完整的六划点尖峰。但是，当从钉子中取出侧核时，应该分配给横向核的蛋白质将分布到中央核中的过度分布并过度累积。因此，如果所谓的源大小在两划和六划型类型之间不差，则核的粗蛋白质百分比以两划大的粒度高于所谓的沉积物，而不是六划分的粒子。

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