1. Extremely early maturing barley, Saikai-kawa 24, was sown Sep. 1 and Sep. 8 in 1978 at Kyushu Natl. Agric. Exp. Stn., Chikugo, Fukuoka. Seed rate was 400 kernels/m2. Seed was drilled. The distance between the rows was 18 cm. The field was irrigated occasionally. Plants grew vigorously. Grain matured and was harvested in late Dec.-early Jan. Aphid, leaf miner and cutworm were controlled by insecticides. No serious diseases were observed. The area of 0.216 m2 (3 rows × 40 cm length) × 2 were harvested every 2 weeks excluding roots and the changes in the growth were traced. 2. Seed germination and seedling establishment were good. Plants headed 44-45 days after sowing. Culm length was 53-64 cm. Total dry weight (excluding roots) estimated by harvesting 1.62 m2 (3 rows × 3 m length) × 2 was 60.0-91.1 kg/a and grain weight was 32.1-43.4 kg/a. Total weight increased rapidly from 2weeks before heading to 6 weeks after heading. On 84 days after sowing (Sown Sep. 1: Nov. 24, sown Sep. 8: Dec. 1), total weight was near to the maximum value. Plants sown Sep. 8 grew better than those sown Sep. 1. Plants topdressed (basal dressing, 1.0 kg nitrogen/a, plus topdressing, 0.5 kg nitrogen/a) grew better than those not topdressed (basal dressing 1.0 kg nitrogen/a, only). 3. Maximum LAI was 3.30-6.13. Mean CGR during the rapidly growing period (Sown Sep. 1: Sep. 30-Nov. 24, sown Sep. 8: Oct. 7-Dec. 1) was 11.3-19.1 (g/m2/day). Mean CGR of 84 days after sowing was 8.1-13.9. NAR before heading was 4.32-7.76(g/m2/day). RGR before heading was 0.095-0.156 (g/g/day). The efficiency of solar energy utilization (Eu) was estimatcd calculating (dry matter production × 4000 cal/g)/(solar radiation). Mean Eu during the rapidly growing period was 1.63-2.93%. Mean Eu of 84 days after sowing was 1.09-1.99%. LAI, CGR and Eu values of plants sown Sep. 8 or topdressed were higher than those of plants sown Sep. 1 or not topdressed. 4. The values of CGR, RGR, NAR and Eu of late-summer sown barley were nearly as high as those of other high yielding summer crops and rapidly growing winter barley. It is concluded that the high dry matter production of late-summer sown barley was obtained because of the high growth rate resulting from the efficiently utilized solar energy and the high net assimilation rate from the beginning of the growth.
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机译：1.极度早期成熟的大麦，Saikai-Kawa 24，播种9点及9点及978年在九州Natl。农业。 Exp。 STN，Chikugo，Fukuoka。种子率为400粒/ m2。种子被钻了。行之间的距离为18厘米。偶尔灌溉该领域。植物很大壮大。谷物成熟并于12月下旬收获。1月初蚜虫，叶片矿工和纤虫被杀虫剂控制。没有观察到严重疾病。每2周收获0.216平方米（3行×40cm长）×2的面积，不包括根，并且追踪生长的变化。种子萌发和幼苗建立良好。播种后44-45天举行的植物。 Culm长度为53-64厘米。通过收获1.62m 2（3行×3M长）×2的总干重（不包括根）为60.0-91.1kg / a，粒重为32.1-43.4 kg / a。总重量在前往6周后从2周迅速增加。播种后84天（Sown Sep.1：11月24日，Sown Sep.8：12月1日），总重量靠近最大值。植物播种9月8日播种了比那些播种的细分更好。粮食追肥（基底敷料，1.0千克氮/ A，加塔纹，0.5千克氮/ a）的增长比未追肥（基底敷料1.0 kg氮/ a，只要）。 3.最大LAI为3.30-6.13。在迅速增长的时期（播种9点播种1月30日至11月30日，Sown Sep. 8：10月7日至Dec.1）是11.3-19.1（G / M2 /天）。播种后84天的平均cgr是8.1-13.9。标题前的NAR是4.32-7.76（G / M2 /天）。在标题之前RGR为0.095-0.156（g / g /天）。太阳能利用（EU）的效率是估计计算（干物质生产×4000al / g）/（太阳辐射）。在迅速增长的时间内的平均欧盟为1.63-2.93％。播种后84天的欧盟为1.09-1.99％。 SED SED SED SED SED SED SED的植物的赖，CGR和欧盟价值观高于播种的植物.1或不追踪植物。 4.夏季播种大麦的CGR，RGR，NAR和欧盟的价值几乎和其他高产夏季作物和冬季大麦快速增长的那样高。得出结论是，由于高效利用太阳能和从生长开始的高净同化率导致的高生长速率，获得了高夏季播种大麦的高干物质生产。
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