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Flavanols in grapevine: in vitro accumulation and defence reactions in shoots

机译：葡萄中的黄烷醇：新芽中的体外积累和防御反应

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摘要

Callus of two grapevine cultivars was cultivated for 4 weeks on MS-medium, half strength, which was additionally supplemented with abscisic acid (ABA), (+)-catechin or a combination of both. (+)-Catechin did not elevate the pool size of the callus flavanols. Application of 3 % sucrose caused a significant increase of the callus flavanols, whereas the response to ABA was quite variable. Leaves and shoots of cv. Spaetburgunder (Pinot noir) were examined histologically on the mode of flavanol deposition. The flavanols of the leaf mesophyll were spread evenly throughout the central vacuole whereas those of the outer shoot cortex were confined to special intravacuolar globules. The amorphous leaf flavanols were converted into globular ones in the vicinity of fungal infections. Apparently, the central vacuole acquires special adjustment under the influence of infection stress. When paraquat was applied to the shoots, amorphous material was attached towards the cell walls. Additionally, the globular flavanols disappeared which could be reversed by addition of (+)-catechin. Thus, (+)-catechin diminished the oxidative damage caused by the oxygen radical producing herbicide. (+)-Catechin and epicatechin are the dominant flavanols of the leaves, whereas the dimeric proanthocyanidins B3 and B1 (PAs) predominate in the callus.
机译：将两个葡萄品种的愈伤组织在半强度的MS​​-培养基上培养4周，然后再添加脱落酸（ABA），（+）-儿茶素或两者的组合。 （+）-儿茶素不增加愈伤组织黄烷醇的库大小。 3％的蔗糖的施用引起愈伤组织黄烷醇的显着增加，而对ABA的反应却变化很大。叶和芽的简历。在组织学上检查了黄柏（黑皮诺）的黄烷醇沉积模式。叶肉叶的黄烷醇均匀分布在整个中央液泡中，而外梢皮层的黄烷醇则局限于特定的真空内小球。在真菌感染附近，无定形叶黄烷醇转化为球状黄烷醇。显然，中央液泡在感染压力的影响下获得了特殊的调节。当将百草枯施用到芽上时，无定形物质附着在细胞壁上。另外，球状黄烷醇消失了，可以通过添加（+）-儿茶素来逆转。因此，（+）-儿茶素减少了由产生氧自由基的除草剂引起的氧化损伤。 （+）-儿茶素和表儿茶素是叶子的主要黄烷醇，而二聚体原花青素B3和B1（PAs）在愈伤组织中占主导地位。

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