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首页> 外文期刊>Waste management & research >Implementing an advanced waste separation step in an MBT plant: assessment of technical, economic and environmental impacts
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Implementing an advanced waste separation step in an MBT plant: assessment of technical, economic and environmental impacts

机译：在MBT工厂中实施高级废物分离步骤：评估技术，经济和环境影响

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Heavy fractions resulting from mechanical treatment stages of mechanical-biological waste treatment plants are posing very specific demands with regard to further treatment (large portions of inert and high-caloric components). Based on the current Austrian legal situation such a waste stream cannot be landfilled and must be thermally treated. The aim of this research was to evaluate if an inert fraction generated from this waste stream with advanced separation technologies, two sensor-based [near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), X-ray transmission (XRT)] and two mechanical systems (wet and dry) is able to be disposed of. The performance of the treatment options for separation was evaluated by characterizing the resulting product streams with respect to purity and yield. Complementing the technical evaluation of the processing options, an assessment of the economic and global wanning effects of the change in waste stream routing was conducted. The separated inert fraction was evaluated with regard to landfilling. The remaining high-caloric product stream was evaluated with regard to thermal utilization. The results show that, in principal, the selected treatment technologies can be used to separate high-caloric from inert components. Limitations were identified with regard to the product qualities achieved, as well as to the economic expedience of the treatment options. One of the sensor-based sorting systems (X-ray) was able to produce the highest amount of disposeable heavy fraction (44.1%), while having the lowest content of organic (2.0% C_(biogenic) P~(er) kg waste input) components. None of the high-caloric product streams complied with the requirements for solid recovered fuels as defined in the Austrian Ordinance on Waste Incineration. The economic evaluation illustrates the highest specific treatment costs for the XRT (€23.15 per t), followed by the NIR-based sorting system (€15.67 per t), and the lowest costs for the air separation system (€10.79 per t). Within the ecological evaluation it can be shown that the results depend strongly on the higher heating value of the high caloric light fraction and on the content of C_(biogenic) of the heavy fraction. Therefore, the XRT system had the best results for the overall GWP [-14 kg carbon dioxide equivalents (CO_2eq) per t of input waste] and the NIR-based the worst (193 kg CO_2 eq per t of input waste). It is concluded that three of the treatment options would be suitable under the specific conditions considered here. Of these, sensor-based sorting is preferable owing to its flexibility.
机译：机械-生物废物处理厂的机械处理阶段产生的重质馏分对进一步处理提出了非常特殊的要求（大部分为惰性和高热量成分）。根据当前奥地利的法律状况，此类废物流不能被填埋，必须进行热处理。这项研究的目的是评估采用先进的分离技术，两种基于传感器的[近红外光谱（NIR），X射线透射（XRT）]和两种机械系统（湿式和湿式）从废液中产生的惰性馏分。干燥）。通过表征所得产物流的纯度和收率来评估分离处理方案的性能。作为对处理方案的技术评估的补充，对废物流路线变更的经济和全球减弱影响进行了评估。评估分离出的惰性成分的掩埋性。评估剩余的高热量产品流的热利用率。结果表明，原则上，所选的处理技术可用于从惰性成分中分离出高热量。确定了在实现的产品质量以及治疗方案的经济便利性方面的局限性。一种基于传感器的分拣系统（X射线）能够产生最多数量的可处理重组分（44.1％），而有机物含量最低（2.0％C_（生物）P〜（er）kg废物）输入）组件。高热量产品流均不符合奥地利《废物焚化条例》中对固体回收燃料的要求。经济评估显示，XRT的特定处理成本最高（每吨23.15欧元），其次是基于NIR的分拣系统（每吨15.67欧元），空气分离系统的最低成本（每吨10.79欧元）。在生态评估中可以证明，结果很大程度上取决于高热量轻质馏分的较高发热量和重质馏分的C_（生物源）含量。因此，对于总的全球升温潜能值[每吨输入废物-14 kg二氧化碳当量（CO_2eq）]，XRT系统具有最佳结果，而基于NIR的结果最差（每吨输入废物193 kg CO_2当量）。结论是，在这里考虑的特定条件下，三种治疗方案是合适的。其中，基于传感器的分类由于其灵活性而优选。

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