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首页> 外文期刊>Waste management & research >Life cycle modelling of environmental impacts of application of processed organic municipal solid waste on agricultural land (EASE WASTE)
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Life cycle modelling of environmental impacts of application of processed organic municipal solid waste on agricultural land (EASE WASTE)

机译：加工有机城市固体废物对农业土地的应用对环境的影响的生命周期建模（EASE WASTE）

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摘要

A model capable of quantifying the potential environmental impacts of agricultural application of composted or anaerobi-cally digested source-separated organic municipal solid waste (MSW) is presented. In addition to the direct impacts, the model accounts for savings by avoiding the production and use of commercial fertilizers. The model is part of a larger model, Environmental Assessment of Solid Waste Systems and Technology (EASEWASTE), developed as a decision-support model, focusing on assessment of alternative waste management options. The environmental impacts of the land application, of processed organic waste are quantified by emission coefficients referring to the composition of the processed waste and related to specific crop rotation as well as soil type. The model contains several default parameters based on literature data, field experiments and modelling by the agro-ecosystem model, Daisy. All data can be modified by the user allowing application of the model to other situations. A case study including four scenarios was performed to illustrate the use of the model. One tonne of nitrogen in composted and anaerobically digested MSW was applied as fertilizer to loamy and sandy soil at a plant farm in western Denmark. Application of the processed organic waste mainly affected the environmental impact categories global warming (0.4-0.7 PE), acidification (--0.06 (saving)--1.6 PE), nutrient enrichment (-1.0 (saving)-3.1 PE), and toxicity. The main contributors to these categories were nitrous oxide formation (global warming), ammonia volatilization (acidification and nutrient enrichment), nitrate losses (nutrient enrichment and groundwater contamination), and heavy metal input to soil (toxicity potentials). The local agricultural conditions as well as the composition of the processed MSW showed large influence on the environmental impacts. A range of benefits, mainly related to improved soil quality from long-term application of the processed organic waste, could not be generally quantified with respect to the chosen life cycle assessment impact categories and were therefore not included in the model. These effects should be considered in conjunction with the results of the life cycle assessment.
机译：提出了一种模型，该模型能够量化堆肥或厌氧消化源分离的有机城市固体废弃物（MSW）在农业上的潜在环境影响。除了直接影响外，该模型还通过避免生产和使用商业肥料来节省成本。该模型是较大模型“固体废物系统和技术的环境评估（EASEWASTE）”的一部分，该模型作为决策支持模型而开发，重点在于评估替代废物管理方案。土地利用对加工有机废物的环境影响通过排放系数来量化，该排放系数是指加工废物的组成，并与特定的作物轮作以及土壤类型有关。该模型包含基于文献数据，田间试验和农业生态系统模型Daisy建模的几个默认参数。用户可以修改所有数据，从而允许将模型应用于其他情况。进行了包括四个场景的案例研究，以说明该模型的使用。在丹麦西部的一家农场，在堆肥和厌氧消化的城市固体废弃物中，将一吨氮用作肥料，用于壤土和沙质土壤。加工有机废物的应用主要影响以下环境影响类别：全球变暖（0.4-0.7 PE），酸化（-0.06（节省）-1.6 PE），营养富集（-1.0（节省）-3.1 PE）和毒性。这些类别的主要贡献因素是一氧化二氮的形成（全球变暖），氨气的挥发（酸化和养分富集），硝酸盐的损失（养分富集和地下水污染）以及重金属对土壤的输入（潜在的毒性）。当地的农业条件以及加工后的城市固体废弃物的组成对环境影响均显示出很大的影响。对于所选择的生命周期评估影响类别，通常不能量化一系列益处，主要与长期使用加工有机废物带来的土壤质量改善有关，因此未包括在模型中。这些影响应与生命周期评估结果一起考虑。

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