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Prospects of rice straw as a raw material for paper making

机译：稻草作为造纸原料的前景

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摘要

Pulp and paper mills are indispensable for any nation as far as the growth of the nation is concerned. Due to fast growth in population, urbanization and industrialization, the demand and consumption of paper has increased tremendously. These put high load on our natural resources and force the industry to look for alternative raw material. Rice straw is a lignocellulosic material abundantly available in wood short countries like China, India, Bangladesh, etc. and can be used as raw material for this industry. Open burning of rice straw releases noxious green house gases to the air and poses serious threats to global air chemistry and human health. So, it is a dual benefit option (for farmers and industries) to use rice straw as a raw material in pulp and paper industry. Organosolv pulping using acids are the prominent choices of researchers to convert this residue into valuable pulp but in developed countries only. Developing world favours the soda and soda-AQ processes as these are economical. As a virtue of less lignin content in comparison to wood, rice straw requires less harsh conditions for cooking and can be easily pulped. Bleaching is a crucial step of paper making but also responsible for causing water pollution. Many studies revealed that during the process more than 500 chlorinated compounds are released that are highly toxic, bioaccumulative and carcinogenic in nature. Most of the industries over the globe switch on to the elemental chlorine free short sequence bleaching methods using chlorine dioxide, hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide. This paper presented the effective need of ecofriendly, economically reliable pulping and bleaching sequences in case of rice straw to eliminate the problems of chlorinated compounds in wastewater of paper mills. Such approach of using waste as a raw material with its environmentally safe processing for making paper can prove to be valuable towards sustainable growth.
机译：就国家的发展而言，纸浆和造纸厂对于任何国家都是必不可少的。由于人口的快速增长，城市化和工业化，纸张的需求和消耗量大大增加。这些给我们的自然资源带来了沉重负担，并迫使该行业寻找替代原材料。稻草是木质纤维素材料，在中国，印度，孟加拉国等木材矮小的国家中大量存在，并且可以用作该行业的原材料。稻草的露天燃烧会向大气释放有害的温室气体，并严重威胁全球的空气化学和人类健康。因此，将稻草用作纸浆和造纸工业的原材料（对农民和工业而言）是双重利益的选择。使用酸进行有机溶剂制浆是研究人员将残留物转化为有价值的纸浆的主要选择，但仅限于发达国家。发展中国家更喜欢苏打和苏打-AQ工艺，因为它们很经济。由于与木材相比木质素含量较低，稻草需要较少的苛刻条件进行烹饪，并且很容易制浆。漂白是造纸的关键步骤，但也造成水污染。许多研究表明，在此过程中，释放出500多种具有高毒性，生物蓄积性和致癌性的氯化物。全球大多数行业都转向使用二氧化氯，次氯酸盐和过氧化氢的无氯短程漂白方法。本文提出了在稻草的情况下，生态环保，经济可靠的制浆和漂白工序的有效需求，以消除造纸厂废水中的氯化物问题。这种将废料作为原材料以及对环境安全的造纸工艺可以证明对可持续发展具有重要意义。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Waste Management》 |2017年第2期|127-139|共13页
  • 作者

    Daljeet Kaur; Nishi Kant Bhardwaj; Rajesh Kumar Lohchab;

  • 作者单位

    Avantha Centre for Industrial Research & Development, Paper Mill Campus, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India,Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India;

    Avantha Centre for Industrial Research & Development, Paper Mill Campus, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India;

    Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Soda pulping; Bleaching; Wastewater; Chlorinated compounds; Sustainability;

    机译：苏打浆;漂;废水;氯化化合物;可持续发展;

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