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首页> 外文期刊>Waste Management >Volatilisation of major, minor, and trace elements during thermal processing of fly ashes from waste- and wood-fired power plants in oxidising and reducing gas atmospheres
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Volatilisation of major, minor, and trace elements during thermal processing of fly ashes from waste- and wood-fired power plants in oxidising and reducing gas atmospheres

机译：在氧化和还原性气体气氛中，来自火电厂和燃煤电厂的粉煤灰热处理过程中主要，次要和微量元素的挥发

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This study assesses the volatility of 15 elements (As, Bi, C, Cd, Cl, Cu, K, Mn, Na, P, Pb, S, Sb, Sn, and Zn) during thermal processing of fly ashes obtained from four waste-to-energy plants and one wood-combustion plant. Differences in volatility in oxidising and reducing atmospheres (air and 10% H_2/90% N_2) were assessed at two temperatures, 700 and 1000 ℃. P and Mn were predominately retained in all ashes regardless of the operating atmosphere and temperature. Other elements showed significant variation in volatility depending on the type of fly ash, atmosphere, and temperature. Heat-treatment of the wood-combustion fly ash in the air atmosphere resulted in low release of K, Na, and all investigated heavy metals and metalloids. Several valuable elements, including Zn, Sb, Sn, and Bi, were significantly more volatile in the reducing atmosphere than in the oxidising atmosphere, particularly at 1000 ℃. Other elements were either less volatile, equally volatile, or only marginally more volatile when the ashes were heated at 1000 ℃ in the reducing atmosphere. These elements include C, Cl, Cu, and, in the case of fly ashes derived from municipal solid waste, Cd and Pb. A two-step process, in which municipal solid waste incineration fly ash is first heated in an oxidising atmosphere and then in a reducing atmosphere, is proposed for production of a chloride-free zinc concentrate. Evaluation of the two-step process at 880 ℃ shows good potential for selective volatilisation of Zn with other valuable elements, including Sn, Sb, and Bi.
机译：这项研究评估了从四种废物中获得的飞灰的热处理过程中15种元素（砷，铋，碳，镉，Cl，铜，钾，锰，钠，磷，铅，硫，锑，锡和锌）的挥发性能源厂和一个木材燃烧厂。在700和1000℃这两个温度下评估了氧化性气氛和还原性气氛（空气和10％H_2 / 90％N_2）中挥发性的差异。无论工作气氛和温度如何，P和Mn都主要保留在所有灰烬中。根据粉煤灰的类型，大气和温度，其他元素的挥发性也有明显变化。在空气中对木材燃烧的粉煤灰进行热处理导致K，Na的释放量低，并且所有研究的重金属和准金属均如此。尤其是在1000℃，还原性气氛中的一些有价值的元素（包括Zn，Sb，Sn和Bi）的挥发性要比氧化性气氛大得多。当骨灰在还原性气氛中于1000℃加热时，其他元素的挥发度较​​低，同等挥发度或仅略有增加。这些元素包括C，Cl，Cu，对于来自城市固体废物的粉煤灰，则包括Cd和Pb。提出了两步法，其中首先在氧化性气氛中然后在还原性气氛中加热城市固体废物焚烧飞灰，以生产不含氯的锌精矿。对880℃的两步法进行的评价表明，锌与其他有价值的元素（包括锡，锑和铋）有选择性挥发的潜力。

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