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首页> 外文期刊>Water, Air, & Soil Pollution >A Synoptic Survey of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Tributary Streams and Great Rivers of the Upper Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio River Basins
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A Synoptic Survey of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Tributary Streams and Great Rivers of the Upper Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio River Basins

机译：密西西比河上游，密苏里州和俄亥俄州河流域支流和大河中氮和磷的天气概况

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摘要

We combined stream chemistry and hydrology data from surveys of 436 tributary stream sites and 447 great river sites in the Upper Mississippi, Missouri and Ohio River basins to provide a regional snapshot of baseflow total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations, and to investigate the relationships between land use and stream chemistry. Catchments in the Upper Mississippi River basin had more land in agricultural uses (51%) than the Missouri or Ohio River basin catchments (25% and 29%, respectively). The difference in agriculture is reflected in the TN concentrations in tributary streams and the great rivers: 5,431 and 2,112 μg L−1 for the Upper Mississippi, 1,751 and 978 μg L−1 for the Missouri, and 1,074 and 1,152 μg L−1 for the Ohio River basins. This agricultural effect was not as evident for tributary stream or great river TP concentrations: 165 and 181 μg L−1 in the Upper Mississippi, 177 and 171 μg L−1 in the Missouri, and 67 and 53 μg L−1 in the Ohio River basins. We set reference thresholds based on the 75th percentile TN and TP concentrations at our least disturbed sites. The TN threshold was exceeded for 50–63% of the tributary stream and 16–55% of great river lengths, with the greatest proportion in the Upper Mississippi River basin. The TP threshold was exceeded in 32–48% of tributary stream and 12–41% of great river lengths. Tributary stream N/P ranged from 67:1 (Ohio) to 210:1 (Upper Mississippi); river N/P ranged from 20:1 (Missouri) to 60:1 (Ohio). N/P indicated that potential N-limitation occurred in 10–21% of total tributary stream length and in 0–46% of great river length; potential P-limitation ranged from 60–83% of cumulative tributary stream length and from 21–98% of cumulative great river length. Total N flux (concentration × discharge) was highest in the Upper Mississippi River basin; TP flux was lowest in the Ohio River basin. River TN yields and TP yields for both tributary streams and great rivers, was not significantly different between the sub-basins. Our study empirically links catchment land use and stream chemistry, and demonstrates using monitoring data for estimating nutrient yields at a large regional scale.
机译：我们结合了密西西比河上游，密苏里州和俄亥俄州河流域的436条支流站点和447条主要河流站点的调查所得到的河流化学和水文学数据，以提供基本流量总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）浓度的区域快照，以及调查土地利用与河流化学之间的关系。密西西比河上游流域的农业用地（51％）比密苏里州或俄亥俄州流域的流域（分别为25％和29％）多。农业上的差异反映在支流和主要河流的总氮浓度中：密西西比河上游的5,431和2,112μgL -1 ，密西西比州的1,751和978μgL -1 ，俄亥俄州流域1,074和1,152μgL −1 。对于支流或较大的河流总磷浓度，这种农业效应并不明显：密西西比河上游为165和181μgL -1 ，而密西西比州为177和171μgL -1 密苏里州以及俄亥俄河流域的67和53μgL −1 。我们根据受干扰最少的站点的TN和TP浓度的第75个百分数来设置参考阈值。 TN阈值超出了支流的50–63％和长河段的16–55％，在密西西比河上游流域中所占比例最大。在支流的32-48％和大河段的12-41％中均超过了TP阈值。支流N / P范围从67：1（俄亥俄州）到210：1（密西西比河上游）;河流N / P范围从20：1（密苏里州）到60：1（俄亥俄州）。 N / P表示潜在的N限制发生在支流总长度的10-21％和大河长度的0-46％中。潜在的P限制范围是支流总长的60-83％，大河流总长的21-98％。密西西比河上游流域的总氮通量（浓度×排放量）最高。 TP通量在俄亥俄州河流域最低。在支流之间，支流和大河的TN和TP产量无明显差异。我们的研究从经验上将流域土地利用与河流化学联系起来，并证明了使用监测数据来估算较大区域范围内的养分产量。

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