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首页> 外文期刊>Water International >Improving Wheat Productivity in Pakistan: Econometric Analysis Using Panel Data from Chaj in the Upper Indus Basin
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Improving Wheat Productivity in Pakistan: Econometric Analysis Using Panel Data from Chaj in the Upper Indus Basin

机译：提高巴基斯坦的小麦生产力：使用印度河上游盆地Chaj的面板数据进行计量经济分析

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摘要

Increasing water scarcity, degradation of land and water resources, continuing low agricultural productivity, and increasing populations are posing the largest ever challenges for development of agricultural economies in many developing countries including Pakistan. Using panel data from irrigated settings in Chaj sub-basin of the Indus basin in Pakistani Punjab, we attempt to: (a) analyze the causes of low productivity; (b) disentangle factors (both land, water and other factors) contributing to productivity variations; and (c) identify limits and opportunities for narrowing productivity gaps and increasing overall wheat production, with a view to enhance food security for the poor. The results of the study indicate that locational inequities in distribution of canal water, use of ground-water of varying quality, differences in use of seed varieties, and other inputs lead to significant variations in wheat productivity. Key implications are that large gains in wheat productivity are possible by (a) improving the production environment at the tail-end through integrated water management practices; (b) adjusting the mix of canal and groundwater use; and (c) using technological interventions to improve the adoption of modern wheat varieties and dissemination of knowledge on planting dates and timings and application rates of inputs, especially water and fertilizer. Not only such interventions are economically, financially, and environmentally desirable, they are also pro-poor. What is needed is a strong political will and commitment.
机译：水资源短缺，土地和水资源的退化，农业生产率持续低下以及人口增加，对包括巴基斯坦在内的许多发展中国家的农业经济发展构成了前所未有的最大挑战。我们使用巴基斯坦旁遮普邦印度河流域Chaj盆地的灌溉设置面板数据，试图：（a）分析生产力低下的原因； （b）解开影响生产率变化的因素（土地，水和其他因素）； （c）确定缩小生产率差距和增加小麦总产量的极限和机会，以期提高穷人的粮食安全。研究结果表明，运河水分配中的位置不平等，质量不同的地下水的使用，种子品种的使用差异以及其他投入导致小麦生产力的显着变化。关键的含义是，通过以下方式，小麦生产率可能会大幅度提高： （b）调整运河和地下水的混合使用； （c）利用技术干预措施来改进现代小麦品种的采用，并传播关于播种日期和时间以及投入物，特别是水和肥料的施用率的知识。这样的干预不仅在经济，经济和环境上是合乎需要的，而且也是有利于穷人的。需要的是强大的政治意愿和承诺。

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