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Damming the Mekong tributaries: water security and the MRC 1995 Agreement

机译：筑坝湄公河支流：水安全与MRC 1995协议

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Water security is a key governance challenge especially in relation to transboundary rivers. While the literature elaborates on the water security concept, there is very little on how to operationalize it in the transboundary context. Hence, this paper addresses the question: How can the governance of transboundary rivers be operationalized to deal with national water security concerns? It uses a literature review and a case study focusing on dams in the Mekong tributaries, namely the Sesan, part of the 3S Basin, in Vietnam and Cambodia. The paper describes the damming process in the 3S Basin and how it threatens water security for downstream states in terms of securing the flow, volume, quality, space, and the temporal variations of the rivers and the livelihoods of river dependent communities. It examines how the Mekong River Commission (MRC) members address these issues, balance their interests and secure the free flow of the Mekong River and its tributaries. It concludes that the MRC Agreement of 1995 is an inadequate mechanism to regulate the developments of hydrological infrastructure on the shared international tributaries, and that further operationalization of the concept of water security is necessary to enable the improvement of existing cooperative regulations and mechanisms.
机译：水安全是主要的治理挑战，特别是在跨界河流方面。尽管文献详细阐述了水安全概念，但如何在跨界环境中实施水安全概念却很少。因此，本文解决了一个问题：如何实施跨界河流治理来应对国家水安全问题？它使用了文献综述和案例研究，重点是越南和柬埔寨的湄公河支流，即3S盆地一部分的Sesan的水坝。本文从确保河流的流量，体积，质量，空间以及河流和河流依赖社区的生计的时间变化的角度，描述了3S盆地的筑坝过程及其对下游州水安全的威胁。它研究了湄公河委员会（MRC）成员如何解决这些问题，平衡他们的利益并确保湄公河及其支流的自由流动。结论是，1995年的《 MRC协议》不足以规范共享的国际支流上的水文基础设施的发展，而且水安全概念的进一步运作对于改进现有的合作法规和机制是必要的。

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