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The economic value of water in metropolitan areas of the United States

机译：美国大都市地区水的经济价值

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摘要

Water has been a passionately contested issue in the United States (US) over the past century. Some argue for growth restrictions in drought-susceptible regions, but based on economic production, it may be worthwhile implementing creative measures to ensure continued and sustainable growth. The following economic analysis correlates water withdrawals in the 32 most populous metropolitan areas in the US with several economic indicators, including gross metropolitan product (GMP), income, and employment. The ratio of GMP to water withdrawals (GMP/H_2O) ranged from (US)$58,788 per million gallons in Tampa to $939,555 per million gallons in San Jose ($15,532 to $248,231 per megaliter, respectively). Some drought-susceptible areas (e.g., Atlanta, Denver, Los Angeles, and Las Vegas) had relatively high GMP/H_2O values, while others (e.g., Phoenix and San Diego) had relatively low GMP/H_2O values. From a regional perspective, the Northwest had the strongest economy relative to its water withdrawals, and the Midwest had the weakest. These data indicate that the GMP/H2O metric can be used to justify water use in certain metropolitan areas but that the metric is less applicable to regional analyses due to unique aspects of local economies and water resource portfolios.
机译：在过去的一个世纪中，水一直是美国的一个备受争议的问题。一些人主张在干旱敏感地区限制增长，但基于经济生产，可能有必要实施创新措施以确保持续和可持续的增长。以下经济分析将美国32个人口最多的大都市地区的取水量与几个经济指标相关联，包括大都市生产总值（GMP），收入和就业。 GMP与取水量（GMP / H_2O）的比率范围从坦帕的每百万加仑58,788美元到圣何塞的每百万加仑939,555美元（每百万升分别15,532美元至248,231美元）。一些易受干旱影响的地区（例如亚特兰大，丹佛，洛杉矶和拉斯维加斯）的GMP / H_2O值相对较高，而其他地区（例如凤凰城和圣地亚哥）的GMP / H_2O值相对较低。从区域角度来看，相对于取水量而言，西北经济最强，而中西部最弱。这些数据表明，GMP / H2O指标可用于证明某些大都市地区的用水合理性，但由于本地经济和水资源组合的独特方面，该指标不太适用于区域分析。

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  • 来源
    《Water Policy》 |2011年第4期|p.443-458|共16页
  • 作者

    Daniel Gerrity; Shane Snyder;

  • 作者单位

    Applied Research and Development Center, Southern Nevada Water Authority, River Mountain Water Treatment Facility,P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193-9954, USA;

    Applied Research and Development Center, Southern Nevada Water Authority, River Mountain Water Treatment Facility,P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193-9954, USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    economy; gross metropolitan product (gmp); metropolitan area; water withdrawals;

    机译：经济;大都市生产总值（gmp）;都市区;取水量;

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