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Do Texas groundwater conservation districts matter?

机译：德克萨斯州地下水保护区重要吗？

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摘要

Texas faces a number of issues in an attempt to balance the water needs of a growing population while at the same time trying to conserve its water resources. Some of these issues include infrastructure improvements and provision of new supplies, changing patterns of use, water marketing and aquifer depletion. With aquifers providing 60% of all the water used in Texas, protecting and keeping these sources viable in the future is a key priority in addressing the state's water issues. With the state's emphasis on local control and the existence of between 80 and 90 groundwater districts state-wide, this research seeks to answer the question "Do groundwater districts in the State of Texas make a difference in groundwater depletion?" We use panel data from a set of 8,110 observations in a fixed effects regression to help us answer this question. We find evidence to suggest that groundwater districts do make a difference. After taking into consideration a couple of potential threats to validity, we run our model on a per district basis and by groundwater management areas. We also run it on a per aquifer basis and compare results with recommendations in the 2007 Texas Water Plan as a reality check. If we successfully answer the question that districts do in fact matter, the next logical step is to investigate what it is that districts do that makes a difference.
机译：为了平衡不断增长的人口的水需求，同时试图保护其水资源，德克萨斯州面临许多问题。其中一些问题包括基础设施的改善和新供应的提供，使用方式的改变，水的销售和含水层的枯竭。得克萨斯州使用的含水量占总用水量的60％，因此，保护​​和保持这些水源在未来的生存是解决该州水问题的关键优先事项。由于该州强调地方控制，并且在全州范围内存在80至90个地下水区，因此该研究试图回答以下问题：“德克萨斯州的地下水区是否对地下水耗竭有所影响？”我们在固定效果回归中使用来自8,110个观测值的面板数据来帮助我们回答这个问题。我们发现证据表明地下水区确实有所作为。考虑到有效性的几个潜在威胁后，我们在每个地区和地下水管理区域内运行我们的模型。我们还将在每个含水层的基础上运行它，并将结果与​​2007年德克萨斯州水计划中的建议进行比较，以进行实际检查。如果我们成功地回答了地区实际上很重要的问题，那么下一个逻辑步骤就是研究地区所做的改变是什么。

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