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Economic incentives encourage farmers to improve water management in California

机译：经济激励措施鼓励农民改善加利福尼亚的水管理

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摘要

Economic incentives are used in many situations to motivate improvements in the use of scarce resources. In some areas, implementing appropriate incentives is made challenging by the nature of existing institutions or the inability to assign property rights and measure individual use of key resources. Higher prices for irrigation water can motivate wiser use of water in regions where the opportunity cost of water is rising, due to increasing municipal, industrial and environmental demands. This paper describes how an increasing block-rate pricing structure was designed and implemented in an irrigation district in central California. The goals of the program were to improve water management practices and reduce the volume of subsurface drain water discharged into the San Joaquin River. Results describing reductions in average irrigation depths and drain water volumes, collected throughout the 1990s, demonstrate the potential for achieving resource management goals with economic incentives that motivate changes in farm-level management practices. Complementary incentive programs and issues regarding program implementation and the sustainability of drain water reduction efforts in an arid region also are discussed.
机译：在许多情况下都采用经济激励措施，以促进对稀缺资源的利用。在某些领域，由于现有机构的性质或无法转让财产权和无法衡量关键资源的使用情况，实施适当的激励措施变得具有挑战性。由于市政，工业和环境需求的增加，灌溉用水的较高价格可以促使人们在用水机会成本增加的地区更明智地使用水。本文介绍了如何在加利福尼亚州中部的一个灌溉区设计和实施一个递增的块价定价结构。该计划的目标是改善水管理实践并减少排入San Joaquin河的地下排水量。整个1990年代收集的描述平均灌溉深度和排水量减少的结果表明，通过激励农场一级管理实践的经济激励措施，可以实现资源管理目标。还讨论了补充激励计划以及有关计划实施和干旱地区排水减少工作可持续性的问题。

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