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Typical urban water supply provision in developing countries: a case study of Semarang City, Indonesia

机译：发展中国家典型的城市供水：以印度尼西亚三宝垄市为例

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摘要

Low service coverage of public water supply companies and high dependency on groundwater are typicalncharacteristics of urban water supply provision in developing countries. A case study of Semarang, Indonesia,nshows that such phenomena have a detrimental effect on the environment. Land subsidence, seawater intrusion andnsea flooding are, to some extent, the results of the failure of the public water supply company to service allnSemarang City inhabitants. The study of the Semarang coastal area shows that the lack of access, especially to thenpoor, is a business opportunity for small-scale water supply providers. The problem with these providers is that allnof them use groundwater as sources. The worse the service of the public water supply company the more necessarynit is to regulate groundwater extraction. The poor will become very dependent on groundwater while alsonbecoming victims of environmental degradation due to excessive groundwater extraction. The study shows that allninhabitants, poor and rich alike, are waiting to be supplied by the public water supply company. They will changento the public water supply whenever the service is available.
机译：公共供水公司的服务覆盖率低和对地下水的高度依赖是发展中国家城市供水的典型特征。印度尼西亚三宝垄的一个案例研究表明，这种现象对环境有不利影响。土地沉降，海水入侵和海水泛滥在一定程度上是公共供水公司无法为所有艾玛·塞玛朗市居民提供服务的结果。对三宝垄沿海地区的研究表明，对于小规模供水供应商来说，缺少水源尤其是贫困人口是一个商机。这些提供者的问题是他们全部使用地下水作为水源。公共供水公司的服务越差，就越需要调节地下水的开采。穷人将非常依赖地下水，同时也不会因过度开采地下水而成为环境恶化的受害者。研究表明，无论贫富，所有居民都在等待公共供水公司的供水。只要有服务，它们就会变为公共供水。

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