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Process development for treatment of highly polluted groundwater including NOM and arsenic removal

机译：处理包括NOM和除砷在内的高污染地下水的工艺开发

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摘要

One of the worst environmental problems facing humanity in regard to contamination in drinking water is arsenic. The World Health Organisation has set a standard 10 μg/l for arsenic in drinking water. Arsenic is a natural element that is present in many regions of the world. The groundwater can be heavily polluted in these areas, and often no other water sources are available. The case study presented here is situated in northern Serbia. The groundwater shows concentrations up to 135 μg/l with an average of 110 μg/l of arsenic. The additional high concentrations of natural organic matter, phosphates, dissolved methane, volatile organic carbon and ammonia boron and sodium further complicate the treatment.Different treatment technologies have been tested over the past decades but proved either inefficient or not economical. The pilot testing period started in September 2012 and ended in August 2013. The most stable and economical process was then further optimized and adjusted. The process comprises multiple treatment stages including stripping, precipitation, bio-filtration and two stages ion-exchange as well as partial reverse osmoses.The process design guaranteed outflow values defined according to the European directive 98/83/EC.
机译：关于饮用水污染，人类面临的最严重的环境问题之一是砷。世界卫生组织为饮用水中的砷设定了标准的10微克/升。砷是世界许多地区都存在的天然元素。这些地区的地下水可能受到严重污染，而且通常没有其他水源可用。这里介绍的案例研究位于塞尔维亚北部。地下水的浓度最高为135μg/ l，平均砷为110μg/ l。高浓度的天然有机物，磷酸盐，溶解的甲烷，挥发性有机碳以及氨硼和钠进一步使处理复杂化。在过去的几十年中，已经对各种处理技术进行了测试，但这些技术要么效率低下要么不经济。试验阶段从2012年9月开始，到2013年8月结束。然后，对最稳定，最经济的过程进行了进一步优化和调整。该工艺包括多个处理阶段，包括汽提，沉淀，生物过滤和离子交换两个阶段以及部分反渗透。工艺设计保证了根据欧洲指令98/83 / EC定义的​​流出值。

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