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首页> 外文期刊>Water Quality Research Journal of Canada >Carbon Dioxide in Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents from Oxygen-Activated Sludge Treatment Plants as a Potential Source of Distress and TOxicity to Fish
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Carbon Dioxide in Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents from Oxygen-Activated Sludge Treatment Plants as a Potential Source of Distress and TOxicity to Fish

机译：氧气活化污泥处理厂的纸浆和造纸厂废水中的二氧化碳可能会成为困扰和鱼类毒性的潜在来源

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Rainbow trout exposed to effluent from a UNOX (oxygen activated sludge) treatment plant were found to exhibit signs of distress during the first hours of exposure. While the final effluent was not acutely lethal at full strength it was still important to determine the cause of the distress to ensure that the mill's effluents remain in regulatory compliance. The use of a series of effluent manipulations involving pH adjustment and aeration as well as observations of symptoms exhibited by the fish were successful in identifying carbon dioxide as the cause of fish distress for the UNOX-treated effluent. For rainbow trout, the symptoms of exposure to elevated levels of carbon dioxide of 100 mg/L or greater included loss of equilibrium, erratic swimming, gasping at the surface, sinking to the bottom of the test container and paralysis. The fish were found to eventually recover as the carbon dioxide was stripped from the effluent due to aeration during the test. A carbon dioxide concentration of 250 mg/L, however, was found to be lethal to trout A survey of mills using oxy gen activated sludge treatment systems indicated that the carbon dioxide levels in effluents from such operations can range from 48 to 251 mg/L. Solutions for eliminating the fish distress and possible mortality associated with such effiu- ents would be to lower the carbon dioxide level to below 100 mg/L by aeration or pH adjustment
机译：发现虹鳟鱼暴露于UNOX（氧气活化污泥）处理厂的废水中，在暴露的最初几个小时内显示出苦恼迹象。尽管最终的废水并没有达到致命的致命强度，但确定困扰的原因以确保工厂的废水保持法规遵从性仍然很重要。使用一系列涉及pH值调节和曝气的废水处理方法，以及观察鱼表现出的症状，可以成功地将二氧化碳识别为UNOX处理过的废水造成鱼腥藻的原因。对于虹鳟鱼，暴露于100 mg / L或更高水平的升高水平的二氧化碳的症状包括失去平衡，不稳定的游泳，表面喘气，沉入测试容器的底部和瘫痪。由于在测试过程中由于曝气而将二氧化碳从废水中去除，最终发现鱼可以恢复。然而，发现250 mg / L的二氧化碳浓度对鳟鱼是致命的。对使用氧气活化污泥处理系统的工厂进行的一项调查显示，这种操作产生的废水中的二氧化碳含量范围为48至251 mg / L。 。解决此类问题的方法，可以消除鱼的痛苦和可能的死亡率，方法是通过通气或调节pH值将二氧化碳水平降至100 mg / L以下

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