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Effects of organic matter addition on methylmercury formation in capped and uncapped marine sediments

机译：添加有机物对加盖和未加盖海洋沉积物中甲基汞形成的影响

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In situ subaqueous capping (ISC) of contaminated marine sediments is frequently proposed as a feasible and effective mitigation option. However, though effective in isolating mercury species migration into overlying water, capping can also alter the location and extent of biogeochemical zones and potentially enhance methylmercury (MeHg) formation in Hg-contaminated marine sediments. We carried out a boxcosm study to investigate whether the addition of organic carbon (OC) to Hg-contaminated marine sediments beneath an in situ cap would initiate and/or enhance MeHg formation of the inorganic Hg present. The study was motivated by ongoing efforts to remediate ca. 30,000 m(2) of Hg-contaminated seabed sediments from a Hg spill from the U864 WWII submarine wreck. By the time of sinking, the submarine is assumed to have been holding a cargo of ca. 65 tons of liquid Hg. Natural organic matter and petroleum hydrocarbons from fuels and lubricants in the wreck are potential sources of organic carbon that could potentially fuel MeHg formation beneath a future cap. The results of our study clearly demonstrated that introduction of algae OC to Hg-contaminated sediments, triggered high rates of MeHg production as long a there was sufficient OC. Thus, MeHg production was limited by the amount of organic carbon available. The study results also confirmed that, within the six-month duration of the study and in the absence of bioturbating fauna, a 3-cm sediment clay cap could effectively reduce fluxes of Hg species to the overlying water and isolate the Hg-contaminated sediments from direct surficial deposition of organic matter that could potentially fuel methylation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：经常提出对污染的海洋沉积物进行水下水下封盖（ISC）作为一种可行且有效的缓解方案。然而，尽管封顶有效地隔离了汞物种向上覆水中的迁移，但封顶还可以改变生物地球化学区的位置和范围，并有可能增强受汞污染的海洋沉积物中甲基汞（MeHg）的形成。我们进行了一项盒框研究，以调查是否将有机碳（OC）添加到原位顶盖下方受Hg污染的海洋沉积物中是否会引发和/或增强所存在的无机Hg的MeHg形成。这项研究的动机是不断进行补救。 U864第二次世界大战沉船残骸中的汞泄漏造成30,000 m（2）的Hg污染海底沉积物。到沉没时，假定该潜艇已持有约200艘货物。 65吨液态汞沉船中的燃料和润滑剂中的天然有机物和石油碳氢化合物是潜在的有机碳来源，有可能在未来的排放上限之下推动MeHg的形成。我们的研究结果清楚地表明，只要有足够的OC，将藻类OC引入到受Hg污染的沉积物中，就会触发高的MeHg产生。因此，MeHg的生产受到可用有机碳量的限制。研究结果还证实，在研究的六个月内并且在没有生物扰动动物的情况下，一个3厘米的沉积物黏土帽可以有效减少汞物种向上层水的通量，并从中分离出汞污染的沉积物。直接在表面沉积有机物，可能会促进甲基化。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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