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Influence of Groundwater Management on Land Subsidence in Deltas

机译：三角洲地下水管理对地面沉降的影响

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This paper examines effects of groundwater management on land subsidence taking into consideration visco-plastic creep and delayed compaction. The method used in this paper decomposes total strain into a direct elastic contribution and a transient viscous contribution. It is applied to a conceptual model that is partially based on real data of geology, land subsidence measurements, and hydrogeology of northern Jakarta, Indonesia. The developed model is conditioned on land subsidence measurements (from 1974 to 2010) using the Maximum a Posteriori method. The calibrated model is used to evaluate effects of four groundwater management scenarios (from 2010 to 2100) on land subsidence. Maintaining piezometric heads at their values of 2010 has not stopped land subsidence while continuous drawdown has led to larger amount of land subsidence. Furthermore, although piezometric heads recovery decreases effective stresses along the subsurface profile, land subsidence continued (at a lower rate) over time due to creep and slow dissipation of excess pore water pressure. The paper also showed that contribution of creep compaction to total land subsidence could be significant. In addition, coupled processes of consolidation and creep compaction leads to a favorable condition where slow dissipation of excess pore water pressure reduces contribution of the creep compaction to total land subsidence at early times at which degrees of consolidation are small and creep rate is large.
机译：本文考虑了粘塑性蠕变和延迟压实，研究了地下水管理对地面沉降的影响。本文使用的方法将总应变分解为直接弹性贡献和瞬时粘性贡献。它被应用到一个概念模型中，该模型部分基于印度尼西亚雅加达北部的地质，土地沉降测量和水文地质的真实数据。所开发的模型以使用最大后验法的地面沉降测量（1974年至2010年）为条件。校准后的模型用于评估四种地下水管理方案（2010年至2100年）对地面沉降的影响。将测压压头维持在2010年的水平并没有阻止地面沉降，而持续的下降导致大量地面沉降。此外，尽管测压头的恢复降低了沿地下轮廓的有效应力，但由于蠕变和多余孔隙水压力的缓慢消散，地面沉降随着时间的推移持续（以较低的速率）。该论文还表明，蠕变压实对总地面沉降的贡献可能很大。另外，固结和蠕变压实的耦合过程导致了有利的条件，即在固结度小且蠕变速率大的早期，缓慢释放多余的孔隙水压力会降低蠕变压实对总地面沉降的贡献。

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