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Analysis of Possible Actions to Manage the Longitudinal Changes of Water Salinity in a Tidal River

机译：应对潮汐水盐度纵向变化的可能措施分析

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摘要

In previous studies we have ascertained that inflows and seawater intrusion in the Shatt al-Arab River (SAR) are two key physical factors behind fluctuating and sharply escalating salinities observed in recent years. Such levels require a series of countermeasures and investigative studies to translate physical factors into a salinity dynamics model to understand the problem and its impact as these factors vary in location, time and quantity. A one-dimensional hydrodynamic and salt intrusion numerical model was applied to simulate the complex salinity regime in the SAR based on hourly time-series data for the year 2014. The model was used to analyse the impact of different management scenarios on salinity under different conditions. The results show a high correlation between seawater intrusion and river discharge. Increased use of water upstream and local water withdrawals along the SAR will increase seawater intrusion and salinity concentrations. Improving the quantity and quality of the upstream freshwater sources could reduce salinity levels. Discharging the drainage water into the river could be used to counteract the salt intrusion, considering that its location affects both the salinity distribution and extent. A scenario analysis based on a numerical model constructed for the longitudinal salinity variation associated with different sources in a tidal regime, can efficiently screen alternative water management strategies.
机译：在先前的研究中，我们已经确定，沙特阿拉伯河（SAR）的流入量和海水入侵是近年来观察到的盐度波动和急剧上升背后的两个关键物理因素。这样的水平需要一系列对策和调查研究，以将物理因素转化为盐度动力学模型，以了解问题及其影响，因为这些因素在位置，时间和数量上都不同。基于2014年的每小时时间序列数据，采用一维水动力和盐分侵入数值模型来模拟SAR中的复杂盐度状况。该模型用于分析不同管理方案对不同条件下盐度的影响。结果表明，海水入侵与河流排放之间存在高度相关性。 SAR上游上游水的使用量增加和局部取水量增加，将增加海水入侵和盐分浓度。改善上游淡水的数量和质量可以降低盐度水平。考虑到盐分的位置会影响盐分的分布和范围，因此可以将排泄水排入河中以抵消盐分的入侵。基于为潮汐状态下与不同来源相关的纵向盐度变化构建的数值模型的情景分析可以有效地筛选替代水管理策略。

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