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Comparing Various Methods of Building Representation for 2D Flood Modelling In Built-Up Areas

机译：比较建筑区域中二维洪水建模的各种建筑表示方法

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摘要

Floods in built-up areas are among the most catastrophic natural hazards mainly due to the high value properties existing in these areas. The most vulnerable areas are the riverine areas with mild terrain which are often encountered in the coastal zone. Due to the mild terrain and the complicated topography caused by buildings, roads and infrastructure, a two-dimensional modelling is required for a realistic simulation of the flood evolvement. In this paper the flood simulation is performed by a recently devised fully dynamic numerical model, the FL0W-R2D, which is based on the two-dimensional Shallow Water Equations solved by the Finite Difference Method and the McCormack numerical scheme. The performance of the model is tested for three alternative representations of the resistance caused by buildings, namely, the reflection boundary, the local elevation rise, and the local increase of the Manning roughness coefficient. The model was run for three different hydrographs and produced time series of water depths and flow velocities in the entire computational domain of the inundated area for each hydrograph. The results of the model for the three alternative building representations and different building alignments were compared with the experimental data available from experiments reported in recent papers. Based on the comparison between numerical and experimental results it was concluded that the reflection boundary method proved to be the most successful building representation for the application of FLOW-R2D. Finally, the data requirements and the required density of the digital terrain model were discussed in relation to the building representation methods.
机译：建成区的洪水是最灾难性的自然灾害之一，主要是因为这些地区存在高价值的财产。最脆弱的地区是沿海地区经常遇到的地形温和的河流地区。由于建筑物，道路和基础设施造成的地形温和和复杂的地形，因此需要二维模型来真实模拟洪水的演变。在本文中，洪水仿真是通过最近设计的全动态数值模型FL0W-R2D进行的，该模型基于二维浅水方程组，并通过有限差分法和McCormack数值方案求解。针对由建筑物引起的阻力的三种替代表示，即反射边界，局部高程升高和曼宁粗糙度系数的局部升高，测试了模型的性能。该模型针对三个不同的水文图运行，并为每个水文图在淹没区域的整个计算域中生成了水深和流速的时间序列。将三种替代建筑物表示形式和不同建筑物路线的模型结果与最近论文中报告的实验数据进行了比较。通过数值和实验结果的比较得出结论，反射边界法被证明是FLOW-R2D应用最成功的建筑物表示方法。最后，结合建筑物表示方法，讨论了数字地形模型的数据需求和所需密度。

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