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The Brazilian Water Resources Management Policy:Fifteen Years of Success and Challenges

机译：巴西水资源管理政策：十五年的成功与挑战

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摘要

As a result of the increasing global awareness about the importance of water, many developed and developing countries have reviewed their water resources management policies and laws. In Brazil, Law 9,433, enacted in (1997), establishes the National Water Resources Policy (NWRP) and the National Water Resource Management System (NWRMS), introducing a new integrated approach to water resources management through the application of planning and economic instruments. At the institutional level, this brought many changes. A new institutional framework was established with the creation of river basin committees and water agencies. Almost 15 years after the Law took effect, these changes are still being implemented, and some adjustments have been necessary. In light of the Brazilian NWRP, this paper presents and analyzes the legal and institutional reform that has been taking place in Brazil's water resources sector since 1997. An initial analysis shows that today, the implementation process still faces many challenges, hindering the effective consolidation of the instruments set out by Law 9,433/1997. The paper concludes that although Brazil's model is generally in line with international trends, and despite the major progress that has been made to date, in some hydrographic regions the instruments conceived in the country's model are still in the incipient stage of implementation, indicating that greater efforts are necessary, some of which are suggested in this article.
机译：由于全球对水重要性的认识日益提高，许多发达国家和发展中国家都在审查其水资源管理政策和法律。在巴西，于1997年制定的第9,433号法律建立了国家水资源政策（NWRP）和国家水资源管理系统（NWRMS），并通过应用计划和经济手段引入了一种新的水资源综合管理方法。在机构层面，这带来了许多变化。随着流域委员会和水务机构的建立，建立了新的体制框架。该法律生效近15年后，这些更改仍在实施中，需要进行一些调整。根据巴西的NWRP，本文介绍并分析了自1997年以来巴西水资源部门正在进行的法律和体制改革。初步分析表明，今天的实施过程仍然面临许多挑战，阻碍了水资源的有效整合。第9,433 / 1997号法律规定的文书。该论文的结论是，尽管巴西的模式总体上与国际趋势保持一致，尽管迄今已取得重大进展，但在某些水文地区，该国家模式中构想的手段仍处于初期实施阶段，表明必须付出努力，本文中建议了其中一些。

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