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Temporal dynamics in dominant runoff sources and flow paths in the Andean Paramo

机译：安第斯帕拉莫州主要径流源和径流中的时间动态

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摘要

The relative importance of catchment's water provenance and flow paths varies in space and time, complicating the conceptualization of the rainfall-runoff responses. We assessed the temporal dynamics in source areas, flow paths, and age by End Member Mixing Analysis (EMMA), hydrograph separation, and Inverse Transit Time Proxies (ITTPs) estimation within a headwater catchment in the Ecuadorian Andes. Twenty-two solutes, stable isotopes, pH, and electrical conductivity from a stream and 12 potential sources were analyzed. Four end-members were required to satisfactorily represent the hydrological system, i.e., rainfall, spring water, and water from the bottom layers of Histosols and Andosols. Water from Histosols in and near the riparian zone was the highest source contributor to runoff throughout the year (39% for the drier season, 45% for the wetter season), highlighting the importance of the water that is stored in the riparian zone. Spring water contributions to streamflow tripled during the drier season, as evidenced by geochemical signatures that are consistent with deeper flow paths rather than shallow interflow through Andosols. Rainfall exhibited low seasonal variation in this contribution. Hydrograph separation revealed that 94% and 84% is preevent water in the drier and wetter seasons, respectively. From low-flow to high-flow conditions, all the sources increased their contribution except spring water. The relative age of stream water decreased during wetter periods, when the contributing area of the riparian zone expands. The multimethod and multitracer approach enabled to closely study the interchanging importance of flow processes and water source dynamics from an interannual perspective.
机译：流域水源和流径的相对重要性在空间和时间上有所不同，使降雨径流响应的概念化变得复杂。我们通过末端成员混合分析（EMMA），水位图分离和厄瓜多尔安第斯山脉上游水源地的逆转时间代理（ITTP）估计评估了源区，流径和年龄的时间动态。分析了来自流和12个潜在源的22种溶质，稳定的同位素，pH和电导率。需要四个末端成员来令人满意地表示水文系统，即降雨，泉水以及来自组织溶胶和雄激素的底层的水。沿河带及其附近地区的组织溶胶中的水是全年径流的最大来源（较干燥季节为39％，较湿润季节为45％），突出显示了沿河带中存储的水的重要性。在较干燥的季节中，春季水对水流的贡献增加了两倍，这是由地球化学特征所证实的，这与更深的水流路径而不是通过安多索尔的浅层水流一致。降雨表现出较低的季节性变化。水文图分离显示，在较干燥和较湿的季节，分别有94％和84％是事件前的水。从低流量到高流量，除泉水外，所有水源的贡献都增加了。当河岸带的贡献面积扩大时，河水的相对年龄在较湿的时期下降。多种方法和多种示踪剂方法使得能够从每年的角度仔细研究流量过程和水源动力学的相互关系。

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  • 来源
    《Water resources research》 |2017年第7期|5998-6017|共20页
  • 作者

    Correa Alicia; Windhorst David; Tetzlaff Doerthe; Crespo Patricio; Celleri Rolando; Feyen Jan; Breuer Lutz;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Cuenca, Fac Ciencias Agr, Fac Ingn, Dept Recursos Hidr & Ciencias Ambientales, Cuenca, Ecuador|Justus Liebig Univ Giessen, Inst Landscape Ecol & Resources Management, Giessen, Germany;

    Justus Liebig Univ Giessen, Inst Landscape Ecol & Resources Management, Giessen, Germany;

    Univ Aberdeen, Northern Rivers Inst, Sch Geosci, Aberdeen, Scotland;

    Univ Cuenca, Fac Ciencias Agr, Fac Ingn, Dept Recursos Hidr & Ciencias Ambientales, Cuenca, Ecuador;

    Univ Cuenca, Fac Ciencias Agr, Fac Ingn, Dept Recursos Hidr & Ciencias Ambientales, Cuenca, Ecuador;

    Univ Cuenca, Fac Ciencias Agr, Fac Ingn, Dept Recursos Hidr & Ciencias Ambientales, Cuenca, Ecuador;

    Justus Liebig Univ Giessen, Inst Landscape Ecol & Resources Management, Giessen, Germany|Justus Liebig Univ Giessen, Ctr Int Dev & Environm Res, Giessen, Germany;

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