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Dissolved nutrient retention dynamics in river networks: A modeling investigation of transient flows and scale effects

机译：河网中溶解的养分保留动力学：瞬时流量和水垢效应的模型研究

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摘要

We have used a dynamic hydrologic network model, coupled with a transient storage zone solute transport model, to simulate dissolved nutrient retention processes during transient flow events at the channel network scale. We explored several scenarios with a combination of rainfall variability, and biological and geomorphic characteristics of the catchment, to understand the dominant factors that control the transport of dissolved nutrients (e.g., nitrate) along channel networks. While much experimental work has focused on studying nutrient retention during base flow periods in headwater streams, our model-based theoretical analyses, for the given parameter combinations used, suggest that high-flow periods can contribute substantially to overall nutrient retention, and that bulk nutrient retention is greater in larger rivers compared to headwaters. The relative efficiencies of nutrient retention during high- and low-flow periods vary due to changes in the relative sizes of the main channel and transient storage zones, as well as due to differences in the relative strengths of the various nutrient retention mechanisms operating in both zones. Our results also indicate that nutrient retention efficiency at all spatial scales of observation has strong dependence on within-year variability of streamflow (e.g., frequency and duration of high and low flows), as well as on the relative magnitudes of the coefficients that govern biogeochemical uptake processes: the more variable the streamflow, the greater the export of nutrients. Despite limitations of the model parameterizations, our results suggest that increased attention must be paid to field observations of the interactions between process hydrology and nutrient transport and reaction processes at a range of scales to assist with extrapolation of understandings and estimates gained from site-specific studies to ungauged basins across gradients in climate, human impacts, and landscape characteristics.
机译：我们已经使用了动态水文网络模型，结合瞬态存储区溶质运移模型，来模拟通道网络规模的瞬态流动事件期间溶解的养分保留过程。我们结合降雨可变性，流域的生物和地貌特征探索了几种情景，以了解控制溶解营养物（例如硝酸盐）沿河道网络传输的主要因素。尽管许多实验工作集中于研究源头水流基本流量期间的养分保留，但对于所使用的给定参数组合，我们基于模型的理论分析表明，高流量周期可显着促进总体养分保留，而大量养分与上游相比，大型河流的滞留量更大。高流量和低流量期间养分保留的相对效率因主通道和瞬态存储区的相对大小的变化，以及在两种情况下运行的各种养分保留机制的相对强度的差异而变化区域。我们的结果还表明，在所有空间尺度上的养分截留效率都强烈依赖于年内流量变化（例如，高流量和低流量的频率和持续时间）以及控制生物地球化学的系数的相对大小。吸收过程：水流量变化越大，营养物质的输出就越大。尽管模型参数化存在局限性，但我们的结果表明，必须更加关注过程水文学与养分运移和反应过程之间相互作用的实地观察，范围应在一定范围内，以协助对特定地点研究的理解和估计进行外推到气候，人类影响和景观特征梯度上的未开放盆地。

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  • 来源
    《Water resources research》 |2012年第6期|p.W00J17.1-W00J17.18|共18页
  • 作者

    Sheng Ye; Timothy P. Covino; Murugesu Sivapalan; Nandita B. Basu; Hong-Yi Li; Shao-Wen Wang;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Geography, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA;

    Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA;

    Department of Geography, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA,Department of Geography, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA;

    Hydrology Technical Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA;

    Department of Geography, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA,National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA;

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