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Fish Structure in Channel Networks of a Large Anabranching Floodplain: Effect of Isolation/Connection Processes

机译：大型洪泛平原河网中的鱼类结构：隔离/连接过程的影响

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Channel networks of floodplain rivers are the main routes for water, sediment, organic matter, and aquatic organisms between main channels and lakes, playing a substantial role in floodplain dynamics. Despite their importance most investigations in large floodplain rivers focus on main channels and lentic water bodies. This research deals with fish assemblage variations in different lotic sites (scour holes and straight reaches) of one of the many channels which shape the wide anabranching floodplain of the middle reach of the Parana River. We considered the influence of environmental factors, such as hydro-geomorphological features and water quality of the channel, connections with surrounding lentic water bodies, seasonality, and interannual flow variations. The results showed two main ecological patterns closely related to floodplain connectivity. In-channel habitat heterogeneity has low influence on fish assemblages when minor channels are connected to significant flooded areas (sampling period 2013-2016). Spatial or temporal predictions of fish structure during these stages are not easy due to the interaction of several environmental factors. However, during very low water levels (winter of 2018) most lentic areas become isolated from the nearby channel network, and floodplain fish are forced to move into the numerous scour holes of the floodplain channels where water conditions resemble those in lentic habitats. Our work highlights the importance of in-channel characteristics of floodplain river networks and their crucial role for fish conservation, particularly during very low water stages.
机译：漫滩河道网络是主要河道与湖泊之间的水，沉积物，有机质和水生生物的主要通道，在漫滩动力学中发挥着重要作用。尽管它们很重要，但在大片泛滥河中的大多数调查都集中在主要渠道和大型水体上。这项研究研究了许多渠道中不同抽水地点（尖孔和直道）的鱼类组合变化，这些渠道塑造了巴拉那河中游的宽阔的泛滥平原。我们考虑了环境因素的影响，例如河道的水文地貌特征和水质，与周围的胶状水体的连接，季节性和年际流量变化。结果表明，与洪泛区连通性密切相关的两个主要生态模式。当次要渠道与大量洪灾地区相连时，渠道内生境异质性对鱼类种群的影响较小（2013-2016年采样期）。由于几个环境因素的相互作用，在这些阶段对鱼的结构进行时空预测并不容易。然而，在极低的水位期间（2018年冬季），大多数的透镜体地区都与附近的河道网络隔离开来，洪泛区鱼被迫移入洪泛区渠道的无数冲刷孔，那里的水质类似于透镜体栖息地的冲刷条件。我们的工作强调了洪泛河网的河内特征的重要性及其在鱼类保护中的关键作用，特别是在极低的水位期间。

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