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首页> 外文期刊>Water resources research >Physical Controls on Salmon Redd Site Selection in Restored Reaches of a Regulated, Gravel-Bed River
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Physical Controls on Salmon Redd Site Selection in Restored Reaches of a Regulated, Gravel-Bed River

机译：规整的河床河段河段鲑鱼变红地点选择的物理控制

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Large-scale river restoration programs have emerged recently as a tool for improving spawning habitat for native salmonids in highly altered river ecosystems. Few studies have quantified the extent to which restored habitat is utilized by salmonids, which habitat features influence redd site selection, or the persistence of restored habitat over time. We investigated fall-run Chinook salmon spawning site utilization and measured and modeled corresponding habitat characteristics in two restored reaches: a reach of channel and floodplain enhancement completed in 2013 and a reconfigured channel and floodplain constructed in 2002. Redd surveys demonstrated that both restoration projects supported a high density of salmon redds, 3 and 14 years following restoration. Salmon redds were constructed in coarse gravel substrates located in areas of high sediment mobility, as determined by measurements of gravel friction angles and a grain entrainment model. Salmon redds were located near transitions between pool-riffle bedforms in regions of high predicted hyporheic flows. Habitat quality (quantified as a function of stream hydraulics) and hyporheic flow were both strong predictors of redd occurrence, though the relative roles of these variables differed between sites. Our findings indicate that physical controls on redd site selection in restored channels were similar to those reported for natural channels elsewhere. Our results further highlight that in addition to traditional habitat criteria (e.g., water depth, velocity, and substrate size), quantifying sediment texture and mobility, as well as intragravel flow, provides a more complete understanding of the ecological benefits provided by river restoration projects.
机译：最近，大规模的河流恢复计划作为一种工具得以改善，以改善河流生态系统中原生鲑鱼的产卵环境。很少有研究量化鲑鱼利用恢复的生境的程度，这些生境的特征会影响变红的地点选择或恢复的生境的持久性。我们调查了秋季运行的奇努克鲑鱼产卵场的利用情况，并测量并模拟了两个恢复河段的相应栖息地特征：2013年完成河道和洪泛区增强工程的范围以及2002年建造的河道和洪泛区重新配置。恢复后3年和14年，鲑鱼高密度繁殖。根据砾石摩擦角的测量和颗粒夹带模型的确定，鲑鱼片在沉积物迁移率较高的粗砾石基质中构造。鲑鱼血红蛋白位于高预测的流变性水流区域池池床形之间的过渡附近。栖息地质量（根据溪流水力函数进行了量化）和低流量是变红发生的重要预测因素，尽管这些变量的相对作用在不同地点之间有所不同。我们的研究结果表明，对恢复通道中的红色通道选择的物理控制与其他地方的自然通道所报道的物理控制相似。我们的结果进一步强调，除了传统的栖息地标准（例如，水深，流速和底物大小）之外，量化沉积物的质地和流动性以及砾石内部的流量，还可以使人们更加全面地了解河流修复项目所带来的生态效益。

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