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Weed Management Systems for Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) with Reduced Tillage

机译：减少耕种的棉花杂草管理系统

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摘要

Current environmental concerns demand intensive research on conservation tillage for cotton production. Studies were conducted in 1994 and 1995 at Florence, SC, to evaluate weed and cotton response to various weed management systems in cotton with reduced tillage. Broadcast application of pendimethalin at 1.1 kg ai/ha and fluometuron at 2.2 kg ai/ha preemergence (PRE) followed by pyrithiobac at 0.07 kg ai/ha early postemergence (EPOST) was more effective than was a 38-cm band of these herbicides in controlling naturally occurring populations of sicklepod, Palmer amaranth, goosegrass, and southern crabgrass and in providing cotton yields equal to yields under weed-free conditions. With the 38-cm band of PRE and EPOST herbicides, two supplemental weed treatments at 3 and 7 wk after planting using glyphosate applied at 0.84 kg ae/ha POST with a hooded sprayer or a no-till cultivator was required to achieve acceptable weed control, but cotton yields were less than yields for the broadcast treatment alone. Glyphosate- or cultivation-only systems were generally ineffective in reducing weed interference and precluding cotton yield reductions. Optimum cotton production with reduced tillage can be achieved with broadcast application of PRE and EPOST herbicides but alternative methods offer promise for reducing costs and environmental effects and deserve additional study.
机译：当前对环境的关注要求对棉花生产保护性耕作进行深入研究。 1994年和1995年在南卡罗来纳州的佛罗伦萨进行了研究，以评估杂草和棉花对减少耕种的棉花中各种杂草管理系统的反应。在播种前（1.1mg ai / ha）喷撒二甲戊灵和在萌芽前（PRE）使用氟美沙隆（2.2mg ai / ha），然后在发芽后（EPOST）以0.07kg ai / ha的吡硫硫杆菌进行广播施用，比38cm长的除草剂更有效。控制镰刀、,菜，鹅肝和南部马齿gra的自然种群，并提供与无杂草条件下相同的棉花产量。对于38 cm的PRE和EPOST除草剂带，种植后必须在3和7 wk时使用草甘膦以0.84 kg ae / ha的剂量使用连帽喷雾器或免耕耕种机进行两次补充杂草处理，以实现可接受的杂草控制，但棉花单产低于单独播种处理的单产。通常，仅草甘膦或仅种植的系统在减少杂草干扰和阻止棉花减产方面通常无效。通过广播施用PRE和EPOST除草剂可以实现减少耕作的最佳棉花生产，但替代方法有望降低成本和环境影响，值得进一步研究。

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