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首页> 外文期刊>Wetlands Ecology and Management >Poverty and institutional management stand-off: a restoration and conservation dilemma for mangrove forests of Tanzania
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Poverty and institutional management stand-off: a restoration and conservation dilemma for mangrove forests of Tanzania

机译：贫穷与机构管理的僵持：坦桑尼亚红树林的恢复与保护困境

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Mangrove forests of Tanzania are reserved by law, but the capacity to effectively enforce this institution has remained far from reach and mangrove forests continue to be exploited as cheap sources of wood and forest land for other uses. Often, the rural poor who depend on mangroves for their subsistence are pointed out by the state institutions as culprits of the degradation. Promisingly though, this paradigm is being offset by the emerging positive view about human proclivity for caring and nurturing common resources. Traditional and community based forest management practices are emerging as appropriate alternatives to state control and institutional arrangement for ensuring sustainable management of forest resources. Nonetheless, community based management has not yet been robustly implemented for mangrove forests in Tanzania. Retrospectively, this paper argues that nationalization of mangrove forests has not been successful in reversing mangrove degradation. The experiences have instead been the frictions between people and the state, as desperate rural poor continue to plunder on and make a living at the expense of mangrove forests. The paper exemplify how policy failure, weak or dysfunctional state institutions in Tanzania compounded by little participatory awareness and self commitment are ruining the restoration and conservation initiatives.
机译：坦桑尼亚的红树林被法律保留，但是有效执行该机构的能力仍然遥不可及，红树林被继续用作廉价的木材和林地用于其他用途。国家机构经常指出，依靠红树林为生的农村穷人是退化的元凶。然而，有希望的是，这种模式已被关于人类倾向于照料和培育共同资源的积极观点所抵消。传统的和基于社区的森林管理做法正在成为国家控制和体制安排的适当替代办法，以确保森林资源的可持续管理。但是，坦桑尼亚的红树林尚未以社区为基础进行管理。追溯地，本文认为，红树林的国有化在逆转红树林退化方面没有成功。取而代之的是，人们与国家之间的摩擦，因为绝望的农村穷人继续掠夺并以红树林为代价谋生。该文件举例说明了坦桑尼亚的政策失灵，国家机构薄弱或功能失调，缺乏参与意识和自我承诺，再加上破坏了恢复和保护计划。

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