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Work Orientations, Weil-Being and Job Content of Self-Employed and Employed Professionals

机译：自雇和受雇专业人员的工作方向，健康状况和工作内容

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摘要

Drawing on psychology-derived theories and methods, a questionnaire survey compared principal kinds of work orientation, job content and mental well-being between self-employed and organisationally employed professional workers. Self-employment was found to be particularly associated with energised well-being in the form of job engagement. The presence in self-employment of greater challenge, such as an enhanced requirement for personal innovation, accounted statistically for self-employed professionals' greater job engagement, and self-employed professionals more strongly valued personal challenge than did professionals employed in an organisation. However, no between-role differences occurred in respect of supportive job features such as having a comfortable workplace. Differences in well-being, job content and work orientations were found primarily in comparison between self-employees and organisational non-managers. The study emphasises the need to distinguish conceptually and empirically between different forms of work orientation, job content and well-being, and points to the value of incorporating psychological thinking in some sociological research.
机译：基于心理学的理论和方法，问卷调查比较了自雇和有组织雇用的专业工人的主要工作类型，工作内容和心理健康。人们发现，自谋职业以工作参与的形式与充满活力的幸福感特别相关。个体经营中存在更大的挑战，例如对个人创新的要求增加，从统计学上讲，个体经营者的职业参与度更高，并且个体经营者对个人挑战的重视程度高于组织中雇用的职业者。但是，在支持性工作特征（如拥有舒适的工作场所）方面，没有角色间的差异。主要是通过比较自雇人士和组织非管理人员，发现幸福感，工作内容和工作方向方面的差异。该研究强调有必要在概念上和经验上区分不同形式的工作取向，工作内容和幸福感，并指出将心理学思维纳入一些社会学研究的价值。

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