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Exporting, demand for skills and skill mismatch: Evidence from employers' hiring practices

机译：出口，技能和技能不匹配的需求：来自雇主招聘实践的证据

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摘要

We exploit information from a classification of occupations to identify separately formal qualification requirements linked to a job and formal qualifications of a worker who filled the job for the universe of firms in Slovenia. We find that exporters were more likely to hire over-qualified workers than they did prior to becoming exporters even though they did not change the qualification requirements of their vacancies. Firms were more likely to demand other skills (leadership, knowledge of foreign languages) once they began to export. These findings suggest that skill upgrading by exporters reflects differences in terms of skill demand as well as the way workers match to jobs. This distinction is blurred in existing studies on skill upgrading by exporters because these studies rely solely on the information about the qualifications of hired workers. Our findings are consistent with a framework in which firms become more productive and offer higher wages once they start to export, workers' qualifications and firms' productivity are complementary inputs, and search is costly.
机译：我们从职业分类中利用职业分类的信息，以确定与斯洛文尼亚公司宇宙宇宙宇宙的工作的工作和正式资格相关的正式资格要求。我们发现出口商更有可能雇用超过合格的工人，而不是在成为出口商之前所做的，即使他们没有改变他们的职位空缺的资格要求。一旦开始出口，公司更有可能要求其他技能（领导，外语知识）。这些调查结果表明，出口商的技能升级反映了技能需求方面的差异以及工人与工作的方式。在出口商的技术升级的现有研究中，这种区别是模糊的，因为这些研究完全依赖于有关雇用工人资格的信息。我们的调查结果与一项框架一致，在该框架中，一旦开始出口，工人的资格和公司的生产力是互补投入的框架，且搜索成本高昂。

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