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Integrated approach towards sustainable development

机译：可持续发展的综合方法

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摘要

Public transport systems, both rail and road, have over previous years developed relatively independent of each other and in competition with the private car. In recent years the changes in demand for public transport due to increase in car ownership, changes in land use and wider economic forces have highlighted the importance of integrating existing networks as an alternative to mass development of new transport systems. At the same time, citizens are becoming more demanding. This multi-faceted challenge can only be addressed by adopting an integrated approach to mobility issues with the support of all protagonists. This approach must be based on twin foundations: on the one hand, the coordination of urban policies with journey policies, and, on the other hand, modal integration between transport networks. The integration of different modes including non-motorised transport (NMT) with public transport services is essential for sustainable development and is a real challenge for transport planners. In view of the above the overall concepts of system integration, issues related to integration of NMT services with public transport modes, more effective operations of demand responsive transport (DRT) over conventional bus services in the present scenario, improvement of network characteristics due to integration of modes, etc. have been discussed in this paper. Various policies, issues, challenges and problems to be faced for integrated urban mass transportation system planning towards sustainable development are presented in this paper.
机译：在过去的几年中，铁路和公路公共交通系统都相对独立地发展，并且与私人汽车竞争。近年来，由于汽车保有量的增加，土地使用的变化以及更广泛的经济力量，对公共交通的需求发生了变化，这凸显了整合现有网络作为替代大规模开发新交通系统的重要性。同时，公民的要求越来越高。只有在所有主角的支持下，对流动性问题采取综合方法，才能应对这一多方面的挑战。这种方法必须基于双重基础：一方面，城市政策与出行政策的协调，另一方面，交通网络之间的模式整合。包括非机动车运输（NMT）和公共交通服务在内的不同模式的整合对于可持续发展至关重要，这对运输规划者而言是真正的挑战。鉴于以上系统集成的总体概念，与NMT服务与公共交通模式的集成有关的问题，在当前情况下，与传统的总线服务相比，需求响应运输（DRT）的更有效的操作，由于集成而导致的网络特性的改善在本文中已经讨论了模式等。本文提出了针对可持续发展的城市公共交通系统综合规划所面临的各种政策，问题，挑战和问题。

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