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首页> 外文期刊>Jahrbuch für Regionalwissenschaft >Diversified specialisation—going one step beyond regional economics’ specialisation-diversification concept
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Diversified specialisation—going one step beyond regional economics’ specialisation-diversification concept

机译：多元化的专业化—超越区域经济学的专业化-多元化概念

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摘要

Usually, in economic theory a distinction is made between specialisation and diversification, when characterising the sector structure of an economy. A specialised structure generates localisation advantages and MAR (Marshall-Arrow-Romer) externalities, while urbanisation economies and Jacobs externalities predominate in a diversified environment. In this study, the dichotomy specialisation/diversification is expanded by introducing the concept of diversified specialisation. Cities specialising in several sectors profit from both, MAR as well as Jacobs externalities. In contrast to diversified cities, diversified-specialised cities tend to be smaller and thereby benefit from lower congestion and production costs. As against specialised cities, their advantage lies in a comparatively diversified sector structure which fosters cross-sectoral spillovers and lessens the impact of sector-specific demand shocks on the regional economy. In the present study, an index for the degree of diversified specialisation is proposed and the impact of the regional sector structure on economic growth is assessed empirically by means of regression analyses. A panel data set comprising information on all 118 German kreisfreie Städte (i.e. cities enjoying county status) from 1998 up to 2008 (depending on the respective model setup) is employed. Evidence is found on the positive effects of diversified specialisation on regional economic performance.
机译：通常，在经济学理论中，当描述一个经济的部门结构时，要在专业化和多样化之间进行区分。一个专门的结构产生本地化优势和MAR（Marshall-Arrow-Romer）外部性，而城市化经济和Jacobs外部性则在多样化的环境中占主导地位。在本研究中，通过引入多元化专业化的概念扩展了二分法专业化/多元化。 MAR和Jacobs的外部性都对从事多个行业的城市都有利。与多样化的城市相反，多样化的专业城市往往较小，因此可以从较低的拥堵和生产成本中受益。与专业城市相比，它们的优势在于部门结构相对多元化，从而促进了跨部门溢出，并减少了特定部门需求冲击对区域经济的影响。在本研究中，提出了多元化专业化程度的指标，并通过回归分析经验性地评估了区域部门结构对经济增长的影响。使用了一个面板数据集，该数据集包含1998年至2008年间所有118个德国克赖斯弗赖特城（即享有县级地位的城市）的信息（取决于相应的模型设置）。有证据表明，多元化的专业化对区域经济绩效产生了积极影响。

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