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Straight Reaches are Due to Standard Visual Feedback

机译：直达是由于标准视觉反馈

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摘要

It is generally understood that reaching movements that aim to be efficient, for example by minimizing metabolic costs or mechanical power, will arc the hand along curved paths. Yet behavioral studies consistently find that subjects move the hand along a straight path. It has also been shown that visual feedback depicting hand and target locations influences how subjects move. Could this influence explain the lack of path curvature in experimental results? In particular, would reaches examined under different feedback conditions elicit curvature indicative of efficient movements? To address these questions, we reproduced an early and influential study (Morasso 1981) along with two variations that progressively reduced the extent of visual feedback of the hand and target locations in two experiments. As is often found, subjects moved their hands along relatively straight paths when provided with the standard visual feedback. In contrast, the two new conditions in the Experiment elicited curved paths (as quantified by perpendicular errors, angular errors, and path length). Notably, this curvature increased as the extent of visual feedback decreased. The changes in curvature could not be attributed to increases in task difficulty, but rather appear to reflect the motor system's intentional strategies for reaching when the visual feedback of the task is diminished. Furthermore, in order to check if the observed curvature in the absence of visual feedback was actually a preference and not a mere chance or an artifact of unclear picture of accurate target location, we devised another experiment. Here subjects reached for the same targets, but the standard visual feedback was removed either in the first or the second half of the experiment. The results from this experiment while showcased a preference for curved trajectories in the absence of visual feedback irrespective of the order in which the feedback was removed, also displayed the strong influence of the standard visual feedback even after it was removed. Our results are further evidence that the straight reaches often observed may be due to a bias to move the displayed feedback along straight paths. Eliminating this visually-induced bias may expose innate reaching behaviors more appropriate for investigating the motor system, possibly revealing a preference for efficient reaches.
机译：通常应理解的是，例如通过最小化代谢成本或机械力来达到旨在有效的运动，将使手沿弯曲的路径弯曲。然而，行为研究一致地发现，受试者沿着直线运动手。还已经表明，描绘手和目标位置的视觉反馈会影响对象的移动方式。这种影响能否解释实验结果中缺少路径曲率？特别是，在不同反馈条件下检查的触角是否会引起表示有效运动的曲率？为了解决这些问题，我们进行了一项早期且有影响力的研究（Morasso 1981）以及两个变体，在两个实验中逐渐减小了手和目标位置的视觉反馈程度。如常发现的那样，当提供标准的视觉反馈时，对象沿着相对笔直的路径移动他们的手。相反，实验中的两个新条件得出了弯曲的路径（由垂直误差，角度误差和路径长度量化）。值得注意的是，该曲率随着视觉反馈程度的降低而增加。曲率的变化不能归因于任务难度的增加，而似乎反映了当任务的视觉反馈减少时，电机系统达到的故意策略。此外，为了检查在没有视觉反馈的情况下观察到的曲率是否实际上是偏爱，而不是仅仅是偶然的机会或目标位置不清晰的伪影，我们设计了另一个实验。在这里，受试者达到了相同的目标，但是在实验的前半部分或后半部分中删除了标准的视觉反馈。来自该实验的结果在不考虑视觉反馈的情况下展示了对弯曲轨迹的偏爱，而与移除反馈的顺序无关，即使在移除标准视觉反馈后，该结果也显示了标准视觉反馈的强大影响。我们的结果进一步证明了经常观察到的直线延伸可能是由于偏向于沿直线路径移动显示的反馈。消除这种视觉上的偏见可能会暴露更适合于研究运动系统的先天到达行为，从而可能显示出对有效到达的偏爱。

著录项

  • 作者

    Vaidyanathan, Natarajan.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Illinois at Chicago.;

  • 授予单位 University of Illinois at Chicago.;
  • 学科 Neurosciences.;Mechanical engineering.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2018
  • 页码 39 p.
  • 总页数 39
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 遥感技术;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:53:14

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