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首页> 外文期刊>Aerosol and Air Quality Research >Characterization and Source Analysis of Water-soluble Ions in Atmospheric Particles in Jinzhong, China
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Characterization and Source Analysis of Water-soluble Ions in Atmospheric Particles in Jinzhong, China

机译：晋中市大气颗粒物中水溶性离子的表征与来源分析

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Size-segregated samples (< 2.5, 2.5–5, 5–10, and 10–100 μm) and PM_(2.5) samples were collected to analyze the water–soluble inorganic ions (WSIs, including F~(–), Cl~(–), NO_(3)~(–), SO_(4)~(2–), Na~(+), NH_(4)~(+), K~(+), Mg~(2+), and Ca~(2+)), through ion chromatography from January to October in 2017 in Jinzhong. The median concentration of the total WSIs in PM_(2.5) was 37 μg m~(–3), thereby accounting for 31% of the PM_(2.5), with the lowest level in spring and the highest in autumn. SO_(4)~(2–), NO_(3)~(–), and NH_(4)~(+) were the most abundant substances and were primarily on the fine particles (0–2.5 μm), whereas Ca~(2+), Mg~(2+), and F~(–) were concentrated on the coarse particles (2.5–100 μm). The results of the correlation analysis led to the conclusions that (NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4), NH_(4)Cl and K_(2)SO_(4) were the primary compounds on the fine particles, MgSO_(4) and CaSO_(4) were the major chemical forms of WSIs on the coarse particles, thus indicating that the formation mechanisms of these compounds were different; however, NH_(4)NO_(3) and KNO_(3) were present in both the types of particles. The particles that were observed in Jinzhong were alkaline during the study period, and their acidity was negligible. The ratio analysis showed that the highest ratio of Cl~(–)/K~(+) was found in winter in both fine and coarse particles; however, no obvious distinction has been made between Mg~(2+)/Ca~(2+) during the four seasons. The NO_(3)~(–)/SO_(4)~(2–) ratio in coarse particles was observed to be significantly higher than that in fine particles, particularly in summer, thus indicating that the heterogeneous reaction on particles plays a vital role in the formation of NO_(3)~(–) in coarse particles. The PCA analysis showed that the primary factors of WSIs, which were secondary formation, coal combustion, biomass burning, dust particles, and industrial emission. The coal combustion and biomass burning have been considered as the leading emission sources to be controlled for improving air quality in Jinzhong.
机译：收集尺寸分离的样品（<2.5、2.5-5、5-10和10-100μm）和PM_（2.5）样品以分析水溶性无机离子（WSI，包括F〜（–），Cl〜 （–），NO_（3）〜（–），SO_（4）〜（2 –），Na〜（+），NH_（4）〜（+），K〜（+），Mg〜（2+）和Ca〜（2+）），通过离子色谱法于2017年1月至10月在晋中进行。 PM_（2.5）中总WSI的中值浓度为37μgm〜（-3），占PM_（2.5）的31％，春季最低，秋季最高。 SO_（4）〜（2 –），NO_（3）〜（–）和NH_（4）〜（+）是最丰富的物质，主要位于细颗粒（0–2.5μm）上，而Ca〜 （2 +），Mg〜（2+）和F〜（–）集中在粗颗粒（2.5–100μm）上。相关分析的结果得出以下结论：（NH_（4））_（2）SO_（4），NH_（4）Cl和K_（2）SO_（4）是细颗粒MgSO_上的主要化合物（4）和CaSO_（4）是粗颗粒上WSI的主要化学形式，表明这些化合物的形成机理不同。但是，两种类型的颗粒中都存在NH_（4）NO_（3）和KNO_（3）。在研究期间，在晋中观察到的颗粒是碱性的，其酸度可忽略不计。比例分析表明，冬季的细颗粒和粗颗粒中Cl〜（-）/ K〜（+）的比例最高。但是，四个季节的Mg〜（2 +）/ Ca〜（2+）之间没有明显的区别。观察到粗颗粒中的NO_（3）〜（–）/ SO_（4）〜（2–）比明显高于细颗粒，特别是在夏季，这表明颗粒上的异质反应起着至关重要的作用。在粗颗粒中NO_（3）〜（–）的形成中起重要作用。 PCA分析表明，WSI的主要因素是次生地层，煤燃烧，生物质燃烧，粉尘颗粒和工业排放。煤炭燃烧和生物质燃烧已被视为控制晋中改善空气质量的主要排放源。

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