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Breakaway device maintains pipe integrity during pullback

机译：分离装置可在拉回过程中保持管道完整性

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摘要

Baltimore Gas & Electric Co. (BGE) is using a breakaway swivel device that allows construction crews to maximize pullback forces on directionally drilled, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe while also maintaining the pipe's structural integrity. The device, originally developed to protect fiberoptic cable during installation, includes a breaking pin with a defined tensile strength. When the strength of the pin is exceeded it will break, causing the swivel to separate (Fig. 1). BGE began looking for such a device in 1996, after concerns were raised about damage to polyethylene (PE) pipe from excessive tensile forces exerted during pullback. The solution was to work with vendors to manufacture a calibrated, mechanical breakaway device to limit the amount of force imposed on the pipe. The breakaway swivel compares favorably with other methods of pressure-limiting mechanisms, such as PE reducer fittings, or using a short segment of thin-wall PE pipe at the pulling head to act as a "weak link." While these methods protect the pipe, they also restrict the allowable pulling force well below the pipe's limit. Early problems experienced in the use of the device were identified as the result of insufficient lubrication. During the second month of use, the pin failure rate was nearly cut in half. Since that time, crews have experienced a consistent decline in pin failures, and no pipe wall quality problems from overstressing have been reported.
机译：巴尔的摩煤气和电气公司（BGE）使用的是一种可旋转的旋转装置，可使施工人员在定向钻孔的高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）管道上最大化拉力，同时还能保持管道的结构完整性。该设备最初是为在安装过程中保护光缆而开发的，它包括具有规定拉伸强度的断针。当超出销钉的强度时，它将断裂，从而导致转环分离（图1）。在人们担心拉回过程中施加的过大拉力会损坏聚乙烯（PE）管之后，BGE于1996年开始寻找这种设备。解决方案是与供应商合作制造校准的机械分离装置，以限制施加在管道上的力。与其他压力限制机制方法（例如PE异径管接头）或在拉动头处使用一小段薄壁PE管充当“弱连接”相比，该分离式旋转接头具有优势。这些方法在保护管道的同时，也将允许的拉力限制在远低于管道极限的位置。润滑不足导致了使用该设备时遇到的早期问题。在使用的第二个月内，销钉故障率几乎降低了一半。自那时以来，工作人员经历了销钉故障的持续下降，并且没有报告过应力引起的管壁质量问题。

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