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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >Impact of active transport and transpiration on nickel and cadmium accumulation in the leaves of the Ni-hyperaccumulator Leptoplax emarginata: a biophysical approach
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Impact of active transport and transpiration on nickel and cadmium accumulation in the leaves of the Ni-hyperaccumulator Leptoplax emarginata: a biophysical approach

机译：主动转运和蒸腾作用对镍超富集性钩端锦Le叶中镍和镉积累的影响：一种生物物理方法

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Aims The primary aim of this study was to investigate the impact of active nickel and cadmium transport, transpiration and shoot biomass production on Ni and Cd accumulation in the leaves of the Ni-hyperaccumulator Leptoplax emarginata. A secondary objective was to observe the effects of various concentrations of nickel and cadmium in solutions on the plant growth and ecophysiological characteristics of these plants. Finally, the study sought to identify possible nickel and cadmium concentration gradients in solution as a function of the root distance. Methods The Intact Plant Transpiration Stream Concentration Factor (TSCF=xylem/solution solute concentration ratio) was determined for both Ni and Cd and for the selected intact transpiring Ni-hyperaccumulator Leptoplax emarginata, cultivated on two contrasting fertilized and Ni-Cd-contaminated sandy porous media (rhizotrons with central root compartments, linked to Mariotte tubes operated at -1 kPa). IPTSCF(Ni) and IPTSCF(Cd) were calculated as the ratios between the hyperaccumulator plant's nickel or cadmium mass in the leaves and the nickel or cadmium concentration in solution by the volume of water transpired during the period of culture. Plant growth characteristics and gas exchanges were also recorded. Results IPTSCF values were much greater than 1 (IPTSCF(Ni) = 5.2 +/- 0.9 and IPTSCF(Cd) = 4.4 +/- 0.6) whatever the amount of available Ni and Cd. This characterized a predominantly active plant metal uptake. Moreover, biological regulation was reported: plant growth and transpiration were significantly lower for hyperaccumulator plants cultivated in sand which was rich in available Ni and Cd, than for hyperaccumulator plants cultivated in topsoil, poor in available Ni and Cd. In the soil rhizosphere, capillary flow was related to transpiration and a depletion pattern was developed for Ni and sometimes for Cd. Conclusions Overall, the Intact Plant Transpiration Stream Concentration Factor appeared to be a relevant metal bioconcentration factor taking into account the predominant type of metal transport from roots to leaves, plant growth and transpiration coupling and metal availability. IPTSCF(Ni) and IPTSCF(Cd) values were much greater than 1 and similar whatever the amount of available Ni and Cd. This characterized a predominantly active plant combining Ni and Cd uptake and biological regulations dependent of the Ni and Cd concentrations in solution.
机译：目的这项研究的主要目的是研究活性镍和镉的转运，蒸腾作用和枝条生物量的产生对镍超富集性钩端锦mar叶片中镍和镉积累的影响。第二个目的是观察溶液中各种浓度的镍和镉对植物生长和这些植物的生理生态特性的影响。最后，该研究试图确定溶液中可能存在的镍和镉浓度梯度随根距的变化。方法测定Ni和Cd以及选定的完整透水Ni-超蓄积性钩端螺旋体Emarginata的完整植物蒸腾流浓度因子（TSCF =木质部/溶液溶质浓度比），在两个对比施肥和Ni-Cd污染的砂质多孔土壤上培养介质（带有中央根室的发根加速器，与以-1 kPa操作的Mariotte管相连）。 IPTSCF（Ni）和IPTSCF（Cd）的计算公式为：高蓄积植物叶片中镍或镉的质量与溶液中镍或镉的浓度之间的比值，取决于培养期间所散发的水量。还记录了植物的生长特性和气体交换。结果无论可用Ni和Cd的量如何，IPTSCF值都大大大于1（IPTSCF（Ni）= 5.2 +/- 0.9和IPTSCF（Cd）= 4.4 +/- 0.6）。这表征了主要活跃的植物金属吸收。此外，据报道有生物调节作用：在富含可利用的镍和镉的沙土中种植的高蓄积植物的生长和蒸腾作用显着低于在可利用的镍和镉的土壤中耕种的高蓄积植物。在土壤的根际中，毛细流与蒸腾作用有关，并且镍和镉的消耗模式都已形成。结论总体而言，考虑到金属从根到叶的主要运输类型，植物生长和蒸腾耦合以及金属的有效性，完整的植物蒸腾流集中因子似乎是一个相关的金属生物富集因子。 IPTSCF（Ni）和IPTSCF（Cd）值远大于1，并且无论可用Ni和Cd的量如何都差不多。这表征了主要活性植物，其结合了Ni和Cd的吸收以及取决于溶液中Ni和Cd浓度的生物调节。

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