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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >Effects of harvesting on nutrient leaching in a Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) ecosystem on a Lithic Leptosol in the Northern Limestone Alps
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Effects of harvesting on nutrient leaching in a Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) ecosystem on a Lithic Leptosol in the Northern Limestone Alps

机译：收获对北部石灰石阿尔卑斯山上的锂小钩云杉挪威云杉（Picea abies Karst。）生态系统中养分淋失的影响

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摘要

On a heavily karstified site in the Northern Limestone Alps (Austria), nutrient budgets and leaching in Norway spruce stands were investigated along a chronosequence (clearcut, 10-year-old plantation (25% cover of planted and naturally regenerated spruce and larch, 75% weed cover) and mature stand). The soils were Lithic Leptosols on very pure limestone. Nutrient fluxes were studied during three growth periods (4-5 months each). Despite of inorganic nitrogen inputs from precipitation between 5 and 10 kg ha(-1), inorganic nitrogen output with seepage water from the mature stand and the regeneration plot was only 0.5-1.2 kg ha(-1) during these periods. In the first and second growth periods after clearcut, inorganic N fluxes with seepage increased to 20 and 30 kg ha(-1), respectively, declining in the third growth period to 8 kg ha(-1). DON output during the growth period was between 3 and 6 kg ha(-1) in the mature stand and 7 and 11 kg ha(-1) in the clearcut as well as in the regeneration plot. K output rates achieved 30 kg ha(-1) in the first, 20 kg ha(-1) in the second and 9 kg ha(-1) in the third growth period after clear-cutting while output rates during the growth periods were less than 2 kg ha(-1) in the mature stand and in the regeneration plot. K pools in the humus layer were only 150-210 kg ha(-1), total K pools including above and below ground biomass in the mature stand were 360 kg ha(-1). Thus, post-harvest hydrological losses comprise a substantial depletion of K for this specific ecosystem. Since precipitation is high in this area (1400 mm a(-1)), forest growth is limited by nutrient rather than by water supply. Needle analyses already indicate a deficient potassium supply. Harvesting and post-harvesting losses of K in combination with elevated nitrogen deposition may have negative influences on the stability of forest stands on the studied sites.
机译：在北部石灰岩阿尔卑斯山（奥地利）的一个喀斯特地貌严重的喀斯特地带，沿着时间序列对挪威云杉林的养分收支和淋溶进行了调查（10年前伐木造林（25％的人造云杉和天然再生云杉和落叶松覆盖率为75％） ％杂草覆盖）和成熟的林分）。土壤是在非常纯的石灰石上的锂质瘦小溶胶。在三个生长阶段（每个4-5个月）研究了营养通量。尽管在5至10 kg ha（-1）之间的沉淀过程中输入了无机氮，但在这些时期中，来自成熟林和再生区的渗水产生的无机氮输出仅为0.5-1.2 kg ha（-1）。在清除后的第一个和第二个生长期，渗漏的无机氮通量分别增加到20和30 kg ha（-1），在第三个生长期下降到8 kg ha（-1）。在生长期中，在成熟林中DON的产量在3至6 kg ha（-1）之间，而在明渠和再生区中，DON的产量在7至11 kg ha（-1）之间。清除后的钾素产量在第一生长时期达到30 kg ha（-1），在第二生长时期达到20 kg ha（-1），在第三生长时期达到9 kg ha（-1），而生长时期的产量则为在成熟林分和再生区中小于2 kg ha（-1）。腐殖质层中的钾盐池只有150-210 kg ha（-1），包括成熟林中地上和地下生物量在内的钾盐池总量为360 kg ha（-1）。因此，该特定生态系统的收获后水文损失包括大量的K消耗。由于该地区的降水量很高（1400 mm a（-1）），因此森林的生长受到养分的限制，而不是供水的限制。针头分析已经表明钾供应不足。钾素的收获和收获后损失以及氮素沉积的增加可能对研究地点的林分稳定性产生负面影响。

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