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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >Consequence of salinity and excess boron on growth, evapotranspiration and ion uptake in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L., cv. Medjool)
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Consequence of salinity and excess boron on growth, evapotranspiration and ion uptake in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L., cv. Medjool)

机译：盐度和过量硼对椰枣生长，蒸散和离子吸收的影响（凤凰果，Cv。Medjool）

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摘要

Yield and transpiration of juvenile date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L., cv. Medjool) were studied under conditions of increasing salinity and boron in lysimeters. Twenty seedlings were planted and grown in 20 lysimeters and irrigated with combinations of four salinity and five B irrigation concentrations. A linear decrease was found for both yield and for transpiration in response to increased soil saturated paste salinity for the treatments having lower B concentrations (0.0278, 0.185 and 0.4625 mmol 1 super(-1)). Yield and transpiration also decreased with increased B concentration. While increases in soil saturated paste B from 0.3 to 1.5 mmol l super(-1) caused substantial declines in yield and transpiration, subsequent increased B to 3 mmol l super(-1) caused only minor reductions. Response to salinity and to excess B was witnessed from the lowest tested levels when each of the variables was isolated. Growth response to combined conditions of salinity and B behaved according to the dominant of the two stress causing factors and did not show additive effects. Dynamics of plant water uptake and tree growth observed for salinity and boron occurring independently and together were summarized by decreased water uptake but not ion accumulation for NaCl and CaCl salts and by boron that was accumulated in leaves and subsequently was associated with reduced tree size. It is suggested that while mechanisms for plant response to salinity are dominated by lowered soil water potential (osmotic stress), boron becomes toxic as it accumulates to a threshold level in plant tissue.
机译：在盐分测定仪中增加盐度和硼的条件下，研究了幼枣棕榈（Phoenix dactylifera L.，cv。Medjool）的产量和蒸腾作用。种植20株幼苗，并在20厘米的距离内生长，并用四种盐度和五种B灌溉浓度的组合进行灌溉。在较低的B浓度（0.0278、0.185和0.4625 mmol 1 super（-1））处理下，发现随着土壤饱和糊盐度的增加，产量和蒸腾作用均呈线性下降。产量和蒸腾量也随着B浓度的增加而降低。虽然土壤饱和糊剂B从0.3增加到1.5 mmol l super（-1）会导致产量和蒸腾量的大幅下降，但随后将B增加到3 mmol l super（-1）只会造成较小的减少。当隔离每个变量时，从最低测试水平可以看出对盐度和过量B的响应。盐度和硼联合条件下的生长响应表现为两种胁迫因素的显性，并且没有表现出累加效应。盐分和硼的植物水分吸收和树木生长的动力学是独立发生的，并在一起发生，这是通过减少水分吸收而不是NaCl和CaCl盐的离子积累，以及通过硼积累在叶片中并随后与减小树木大小相关的硼来总结的。有人提出，虽然植物对盐分的响应机制主要是通过降低土壤水势（渗透胁迫）来实现的，但硼在植物组织中积累到阈值水平时会变得有毒。

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