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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Disease >Suppression of Powdery Mildews by UV-B: Application Frequency and Timing, Dose, Reflectance, and Automation
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Suppression of Powdery Mildews by UV-B: Application Frequency and Timing, Dose, Reflectance, and Automation

机译：UV-B抑制白粉病的发生：施用频率和时间，剂量，反射率和自动化

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Disease-suppressive effects of nighttime applications of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) were investigated at two irradiance levels (1.6 or 0.8 W/m2) in strawberry and rosemary plants inoculated with Podosphaera aphanis or Golovinomyces biocellatus, respectively. Plants were exposed to each irradiance level every third night for either 9 or 18 min, every night for either 3 or 6 min, or three times every night for either 1 or 2 min. Thus, over time, all plants received the same cumulative dose of UV-B, and severity of powdery mildew was reduced by 90 to 99% compared with untreated controls in both crops. Use of polished aluminum lamp reflectors and UV-B reflective surfaces on greenhouse benches significantly increased treatment efficacy. An automated apparatusconsisting of anadjustable boom with directed airflow was used to move UV-B lamps over greenhouse benches at 25 or 50 cm/min. Directed airflow moved leaves on the subtending plants to better expose upper and lower surfaces to UV-B but directed airflow actually decreasedthe efficacy of UV-B treatments, possibly by dispersing conidia from lesions before they were exposed to a lethal dose of UV-B. Results indicate broad applicability of nighttime applications of UV-B to suppress powdery mildews, and that cumulative UV-Bdose is an overriding factor determining efficacy. Finally, enhanced suppression on shaded or obscured tissues is more likely to be affected by reflective bench surfaces than through attempts to physically manipulate the foliage.
机译：分别在两个日照水平（1.6或0.8 W / m2）下，分别对分别接种了无花假单孢菌或Golovinomyces biocellatus的草莓和迷迭香植物在两个辐照度水平（1.6或0.8 W / m2）下研究了紫外线B（UV-B）的病害抑制作用。每三夜将植物暴露于每种辐照水平下，持续9或18分钟，每晚3或6分钟，或每晚3次，持续1或2分钟。因此，随着时间的推移，所有农作物都接受相同的UV-B累积剂量，与两种作物中未处理的对照相比，白粉病的严重程度降低了90％至99％。在温室长凳上使用抛光的铝灯反射器和UV-B反射表面可显着提高治疗效果。使用由可调节的吊杆和定向的气流组成的自动化设备将UV-B灯以25或50 cm / min的速度在温室长凳上移动。定向气流使对接植物上的叶子移动，从而更好地将上下表面暴露于UV-B，但定向气流实际上降低了UV-B处理的功效，可能是通过在病死剂量的UV-B之前分散病灶中的分生孢子来实现的。结果表明夜间应用UV-B抑制白粉病的广泛适用性，并且累积的UV-Bdose是决定功效的首要因素。最后，与尝试物理操纵树叶的尝试相比，反射的工作台表面更可能会对阴影或模糊的组织产生增强的抑制作用。

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