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Competition between superconductivity and magnetism in ferromagnet/superconductor heterostructures

机译：铁磁体/超导体异质结构中超导性与磁性的竞争

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The mutual influence of superconductivity and magnetism in F/S systems, i.e. systems of alternating ferromagnetic (F) and superconducting (S) layers, is comprehensively reviewed. For systems with ferromagnetic metal (FM) layers, a theory of the proximity effect in the dirty limit is constructed based on the Usadel equations. For an FM/S bilayer and an FM/S superlattice, a boundary-value problem involving finite FM/S boundary transparency and the diffusion and wave modes of quasi-particle motion is formulated; and the critical temperature T_c is calculated as a function of FM- and S-layer thicknesses. A detailed analysis of a large amount of experimental data amply confirms the proposed theory. It is shown that the superconducting state of an FM/S system is a super-position of two pairing mechanisms, Bardin-Cooper-Schrieffer's in S Layers and Larkin-ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell's in FM ones. The competition between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic spontaneous moment orientations in FM layers is exported for the 0- and π-phase superconductivity in FM/S systems. For FI/S structures, where FI is a ferromagnetic insulator, a model for exchange interactions is proposed, which, along with direct exchange inside FI layers, includes indirect Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida exchange between localized spins via S-layer conduction electrons. Within this framework, possible mutual accommodation scenarios for superconducting and magnetic order parameters are found, the corresponding phase diagrams are plotted, and experimental results are explained. The results of the theory of the Josephson effect for S/F/S junctions are presented and the application of the theory of spin-dependent transport to F/S/F junctions is discussed. Application aspects of the subject are examined.
机译：全面回顾了F / S系统（即铁磁（F）和超导（S）层交替的系统）中超导性和磁性的相互影响。对于具有铁磁金属（FM）层的系统，基于Usadel方程构造脏边界内的邻近效应理论。对于一个FM / S双层和一个FM / S超晶格，提出了一个涉及有限FM / S边界透明性和准粒子运动的扩散和波动模式的边值问题。并根据FM和S层厚度计算出临界温度T_c。对大量实验数据的详细分析充分证实了所提出的理论。结果表明，FM / S系统的超导状态是S层的Bardin-Cooper-Schrieffer和FM的Larkin-ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell两种配对机制的叠加。 FM / S系统中的0相和π相超导导出了FM层中铁磁和反铁磁自发矩方向之间的竞争。对于FI是铁磁绝缘体的FI / S结构，提出了交换相互作用的模型，该模型与FI层内部的直接交换一起，包括通过S层传导电子在局部自旋之间进行间接Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida交换。在此框架内，找到了超导和磁阶参数可能的相互适应方案，绘制了相应的相图，并解释了实验结果。给出了S / F / S结的约瑟夫森效应理论的结果，并讨论了自旋相关输运理论在F / S / F结中的应用。研究对象的应用方面。

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