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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Ecology >Compositional vegetation changes and increased red spruce abundance during the Little Ice Age in a sugar maple forest of north-eastern North America
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Compositional vegetation changes and increased red spruce abundance during the Little Ice Age in a sugar maple forest of north-eastern North America

机译：北美东北部糖枫森林在小冰期期间的组成植被变化和红色云杉丰度的增加

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摘要

In north-eastern North America, the recent red spruce decline has been linked to atmospheric pollution, notably acid rain, although climate was also advocated as a potential factor. A high resolution lake sediment pollen stratigraphy was obtained to elucidate long-term trends in tree-species abundance in a sugar maple-yellow birch forest. The reconstructed history (similar to 250-1996 A.D.) showed a steady increase of red spruce after 1300 A.D., with a peak between 1600 and 1900 A.D. followed by a strong decline in the last century, while sugar maple and yellow birch experienced an opposite trend. Red spruce abundance reached its apogee during the cool Little Ice Age (LIA) and decreased abruptly when annual temperature in the region increased by 2 A degrees C in the last 125 years. American Beech was much more abundant in the forest before the LIA, typifying a sugar maple-American beech forest as the dominant forest type during the Late Holocene. Our results suggest that climate warming has played an important role in the current red spruce decline, the latter having been initiated well before acidic depositions reached deleterious potential effects on red spruce. Climate warming probably acted as a long-term predisposing factor that was aggravated by atmospheric pollution, in the last decades.
机译：在北美东北部，尽管也有人提倡将气候作为潜在因素，但最近的红云杉下降与大气污染有关，特别是酸雨。获得了高分辨率的湖底沉积物花粉地层，以阐明糖枫黄桦树种中树种丰度的长期趋势。重建历史（类似于公元250-1996年）显示红云杉在公元1300年后稳定增加，在1600年至1900年之间达到峰值，然后在上个世纪急剧下降，而糖枫和黄桦则呈现相反的趋势。在寒冷的小冰期（LIA）期间，红色云杉的丰度达到其最高点，并且在过去125年中，该地区的年温度升高2 A摄氏度时，红云杉的丰度急剧下降。美国山毛榉在LIA之前的森林中含量更高，这代表了全新世晚期糖枫-美国山毛榉森林为主要森林类型。我们的结果表明，气候变暖在当前的红云杉下降中起了重要作用，后者在酸性沉积物达到对红云杉有害的潜在影响之前就已经开始了。在过去的几十年中，气候变暖可能是长期的诱因，而大气污染加剧了气候变暖。

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