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Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

机译：原子转移自由基聚合

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The synthesis of polymers with well-defined compositions, architectures, and functionalities has long been of great interest in polymer chemistry. Typically, living polymerization techniques are employed where the polymerizations proceed in the absence of irreversible chain transfer and chain termination.~(1-3) Much of the academic and industrial research on living polymerization has focused on living polymerization has focused on anionic, cationic, coordination, and ring0opening polymerizations. The development of controlled/living radical polymerization (CRP) methods has been a long-standing goal in polymer chemistry, as a radical process is more tolerant of functional groups and impurities and is the leading industrial method to produce polymers.~4 Despite its tremendous industrial utility, CRP has not been realized until recently, largely due to the inevitable, near diffusion-controlled bimolecular radical coupling and disproportionation reactions.
机译：长期以来，具有明确定义的组成，结构和功能的聚合物的合成一直在聚合物化学中引起极大兴趣。通常，在不发生不可逆的链转移和链终止的情况下进行聚合反应时，会使用活性聚合技术。〜（1-3）许多关于活性聚合的学术和工业研究都集中在活性聚合上，主要集中在阴离子，阳离子，配位和开环聚合。受控/活性自由基聚合（CRP）方法的开发一直是聚合物化学领域的长期目标，因为自由基过程对官能团和杂质的耐受性更高，并且是生产聚合物的主要工业方法。〜​​4在工业上，直到最近才实现CRP，这在很大程度上是由于不可避免的，接近扩散控制的双分子自由基偶联和歧化反应。

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