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Proton pump inhibitors: Clostridium difficile infections

机译:质子泵抑制剂:艰难梭菌感染

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Data on the adverse effect profile of proton pump inhibitors continue to accumulate. In addition to increasing the risk of bacterial pneumonia, proton pump inhibitors appear to increase the risk of intestinal Clostridium difficile infection. A meta-analysis of epidemiological studies showed a statistically significant increase in C. difficile infection among patients taking proton pump inhibitors, most of whom were hospital patients. The estimated relative risk was 1.7 for primary infections (95% confidence interval (95CI): 1.5 to 2.1) and 2.5 for recurrent infections (95CI: 1.2 to 5.4). When the proton pump inhibitor was coadministered with an antibiotic, the estimated relative risk was 2.0 (95CI: 1.0 to 3.7). Other meta-analyses published in 2012 provided similar results. A similar increased risk has been observed with H2 antagonists. The presumed mechanism is the reduction in gastric acidity induced by these drugs. In practice, proton pump inhibitors should not be used indiscriminately, especially in hospital patients and in persons at increased risk of C. difficile infection. Patients should be informed of new data on the adverse effects of the medications they are taking so that they can weigh the harms and benefits.
机译:质子泵抑制剂的不良反应概况数据不断积累。除了增加细菌性肺炎的风险外,质子泵抑制剂似乎还会增加肠道艰难梭菌感染的风险。一项流行病学研究的荟萃分析显示,在服用质子泵抑制剂的患者中,艰难梭菌感染有统计学意义的增加,其中大多数是住院患者。初次感染的估计相对风险为1.7(95%置信区间(95CI):1.5至2.1),复发感染的相对风险为2.5(95CI:1.2至5.4)。当质子泵抑制剂与抗生素并用时,估计的相对危险度是2.0(95CI:1.0至3.7)。 2012年发表的其他荟萃分析也提供了类似的结果。使用H2拮抗剂也观察到类似的风险增加。推测的机理是这些药物引起的胃酸度降低。在实践中,不应随意使用质子泵抑制剂,尤其是在医院患者和艰难梭菌感染风险增加的人群中。应该告知患者有关所用药物不良反应的新数据,以便他们可以权衡其危害和益处。

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    《Prescrire international》 |2013年第142期|共2页
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  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 药学;
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