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Interpretation of electrical conductivity patterns by soil properties and geological maps for precision agriculture

机译：用土壤性质和地质图解释精确农业的电导率模式

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摘要

Precision farming needs management rules to apply spatially differentiated treatments in agricultural fields. Digital soil mapping (DSM) tools, for example apparent soil electrical conductivity, corrected to 25A degrees C (EC25), and digital elevation models, try to explain the spatial variation in soil type, soil properties (e.g. clay content), site and crop that are determined by landscape characteristics such as terrain, geology and geomorphology. We examined the use of EC25 maps to delineate management zones, and identified the main factors affecting the spatial pattern of EC25 at the regional scale in a study area in eastern Germany. Data of different types were compared: EC25 maps for 11 fields, soil properties measured in the laboratory, terrain attributes, geological maps and the description of 75 soil profiles. We identified the factors that influence EC25 in the presence of spatial autocorrelation and field-specific random effects with spatial linear mixed-effects models. The variation in EC25 could be explained to a large degree (R (2) of up to 61%). Primarily, soil organic matter and CaCO3, and secondarily clay and the presence of gleyic horizons were significantly related to EC25. Terrain attributes, however, had no significant effect on EC25. The geological map unit showed a significant relationship to EC25, and it was possible to determine the most important soil properties affecting EC25 by interpreting the geological maps. Including information on geology in precision agriculture could improve understanding of EC25 maps. The EC25 maps of fields should not be assumed to represent a map of clay content to form a basis for deriving management zones because other factors appeared to have a more important effect on EC25.
机译：精准农业需要管理规则，才能在农业领域中应用空间差异化处理。数字土壤测绘（DSM）工具，例如表观土壤电导率（校正至25A摄氏度（EC25））和数字高程模型，试图解释土壤类型，土壤特性（例如粘土含量），场地和作物的空间变化由地形特征（例如地形，地质和地貌）决定。我们检查了使用EC25地图来划定管理区域的情况，并确定了影响德国东部某研究区域区域范围内EC25空间格局的主要因素。比较了不同类型的数据：11个田地的EC25地图，实验室测量的土壤特性，地形属性，地质图和75种土壤剖面的描述。我们利用空间线性混合效应模型确定了存在空间自相关和特定于现场的随机效应时影响EC25的因素。 EC25的变化可以在很大程度上得到解释（R（2）高达61％）。首先，土壤有机质和CaCO3，其次是黏土和斜线层的存在与EC25显着相关。但是，地形属性对EC25没有明显影响。地质图单元显示出与EC25的显着关系，并且可以通过解释地质图来确定影响EC25的最重要的土壤性质。在精密农业中纳入有关地质的信息可以增进对EC25地图的了解。不应假定EC25场图代表粘土含量图，以作为得出管理区的基础，因为其他因素似乎对EC25产生了更重要的影响。

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