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首页> 外文期刊>Psychiatry Research. Neuroimaging >Cross-cultural comparisons of attitudes toward schizophrenia amongst the general population and physicians: A series of web-based surveys in Japan and the United States
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Cross-cultural comparisons of attitudes toward schizophrenia amongst the general population and physicians: A series of web-based surveys in Japan and the United States

机译：普通人群和医师对精神分裂症态度的跨文化比较：日本和美国的一系列基于网络的调查

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Cross-cultural differences in attitudes toward schizophrenia are suggested, while no studies have compared such attitudes between the United States and Japan. In our previous study in Japan (Hori et al., 2011), 197 subjects in the general population and 112 physicians (excluding psychiatrists) enrolled in a web-based survey using an Internet-based questionnaire format. Utilizing the identical web-based survey method in the United States, the present study enrolled 172 subjects in the general population and 45 physicians. Participants' attitudes toward schizophrenia were assessed with the English version of the 18-item questionnaire used in our previous Japanese survey. Using exploratory factor analysis, we identified four factors labeled "social distance," "belief of dangerousness," "underestimation of patients' abilities," and "skepticism regarding treatment." The two-way multivariate analysis of covariance on the four factors, with country and occupation as the between-subject factors and with potentially confounding demographic variables as the covariates, revealed that the general population in the US scored significantly lower than the Japanese counterparts on the factors "social distance" and "skepticism regarding treatment" and higher on "underestimation of patients' abilities." Our results suggest that culture may have an important role in shaping attitudes toward mental illness. Anti-stigma campaigns that target culture-specific biases are considered important.
机译：有人建议在精神分裂症的态度上有跨文化的差异，而在美国和日本之间，尚无研究比较这种态度。在我们之前的日本研究中（Hori等，2011），普通人群中的197名受试者和112名医生（不包括精神病医生）使用基于互联网的问卷格式参加了基于网络的调查。在美国，使用相同的基于网络的调查方法，本研究招募了172名一般人群和45名医师。参与者对精神分裂症的态度是通过我们先前的日本调查中使用的18项问卷的英语版本评估的。使用探索性因素分析，我们确定了四个因素，分别是“社会距离”，“危险信念”，“患者能力低估”和“对治疗的怀疑”。对四个因素进行协方差的双向多元分析，以国家和职业为对象之间的因素，并以可能混淆的人口统计学变量作为协变量，结果表明，美国的总体得分明显低于日本。 “社会距离”和“对治疗的怀疑”等因素，以及“低估患者能力”的因素。我们的结果表明，文化可能在塑造对精神疾病的态度中起重要作用。针对特定文化偏见的反污名运动被认为很重要。

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