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首页> 外文期刊>Pure and Applied Geophysics >Chemical and Physical Characteristics of Pulverized Tejon Lookout Granite Adjacent to the San Andreas and Garlock Faults: Implications for Earthquake Physics
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Chemical and Physical Characteristics of Pulverized Tejon Lookout Granite Adjacent to the San Andreas and Garlock Faults: Implications for Earthquake Physics

机译：与圣安地列斯和加洛克断裂带相邻的粉化特洪峰Look望花岗岩的化学和物理特征：对地震物理的影响

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We present new detailed analyses of samples of pulverized Tejon Lookout granite collected from sections adjacent to the San Andreas and Garlock faults in southern California. The Tejon Lookout granite is pulverized in all exposures within about 100 m from both faults. Chemical analyses indicate no or little weathering in the collected samples, although XRD analysis shows the presence of smectite, illite, and minor kaolinite in the clay-size fraction. Weathering products may dominate in the less than 1 micron fraction. The average grain size in all samples of pulverized Tejon Lookout granite ranges between 26 and 208 microns (silt to fine sand), with the particle size distribution in part a function of proximity to the primary slip zone. The San Andreas fault samples that we studied are generally finer grained than those collected from adjacent to the Garlock fault. The particle size distribution for each studied sample from both faults follows a pseudo-power law with a continuously changing exponent, which suggests that pulverization is not simply a consequence of direct shear. The average particle size that we determined for our samples is considerably coarser than reported in previous investigations, which we attribute to possible measurement errors in the prior work. Our data and observations suggest that dynamic fracturing in the wall rock of the San Andreas and Garlock faults only accounts for about 1% or less of the earthquake energy budget.
机译：我们提供了新的详细分析的粉状Tejon Lookout花岗岩样品的样本，这些样品是从加利福尼亚南部的圣安德烈亚斯和加洛克断裂断层附近的部分收集的。 Tejon Lookout花岗岩在距两个断层约100 m内的所有暴露区域均被粉碎。化学分析表明，收集到的样品中没有风化或几乎没有风化，尽管X射线衍射分析表明粘土级分中存在蒙脱石，伊利石和次要高岭石。风化产物可能占不到1微米的份额。所有粉碎的Tejon Lookout花岗岩样品的平均粒度在26至208微米（粉砂至细砂）之间，且粒度分布部分取决于接近主要滑移区的功能。我们研究的San Andreas断层样品的粒度通常比从Garlock断层附近采集的样品细。来自两个断层的每个研究样品的粒度分布均遵循具有连续变化指数的伪幂定律，这表明粉碎不仅仅是直接剪切的结果。我们为样品确定的平均粒径比以前的调查报告中要大得多，这归因于先前工作中可能存在的测量误差。我们的数据和观察结果表明，圣安德烈亚斯和加洛克断裂的围岩中的动态压裂仅占地震能量预算的1％或更少。

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